14-November-2017 16:42 IST
This comprehensive training programme is being launched under the name “Project Saksham”.
The week-long training in skills and domain knowledge will be imparted to all the employees of Indian Railways.
The focus of all such training is to ‘make a difference’ to the job performance.
Under the direction of Minister of Railways & Coal, Shri Piyush Goyal, a comprehensive plan for imparting training to all employees of Indian Railways is being prepared with a view to upgrade skill & knowledge. This comprehensive training programme named as “Project Saksham” will help boost productivity and efficiency.
Under this plan, all employees in each zone will be put through a week’s training in skills and knowledge relevant to their work area over next one year. A communication to this effect from Chairman Railway Board, Shri Ashwani Lohani, has been sent to all General Managers of zonal railways and railways production unit.
General Managers have been advised that such priority training need should be quickly identified for each category of employees (employees can be grouped into their work areas) based on the needs of respective zone. Identification of training needs and formulation of planned training calendar will be required to be completed by December 31st, 2017, ensuring that each employee is imparted training.
It has been emphasized that while continuous learning and education/training has been an integral philosophy and approach of the Railways, there is a need to do a concentrated capsule of training for all employees in a short period of time to boost their productivity and efficiency. This training programme will fulfill this need.
With growing rail network, new trains, different high quality services designed by the railways and the promise of the government to deliver superior and safe rail services and growing expectation of our passengers and commuters for better amenities and services, it is imperative that the railway employees rise to the occasion to deliver on the promise. Employees can and do deliver only when they have the right skills, knowledge and the mindset to deliver to the new standards of excellence that the organization hold from them all. This training will help achieve these objectives.
This training shall be a five-day on the job training or as classroom training in Railway Training Centre depending on the nature of training. However, the reporting managers of all employees receiving training will be actively involved in the Pre-training and post training process to ensure that the benefits of training get reflected on the job performance and there is improvement within a short time after the training is imparted. The focus of all such training will be to ‘make a difference’ to the job performance of all departments and employees and thus Indian Railways.
The training, as per the calendar, will be completed within 9 months. General Managers have been directed to personally monitor the completion of the plans and their progress. The zone will also devise a few metrics to monitor the impact of Project Saksham.
This training will not only upgrade skill of each of the employees but also go a long-way in improving the performance of the Indian Railways.
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Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is helping the Indian Railways use its satellite-based system to check accidents at unmanned railway crossings and track train movements on a real-time basis.
Working on a pilot project with Isro, the railways has installed space agency-developed integrated circuit (IC) chips on some train engines. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (or NaVIC) will be used to warn road users of approaching trains through hooters installed at unmanned road crossings.
Tapan Misra, director of Ahmedabad-based Space Applications Centre (SAC), confirmed that “Isro and the Indian Railways have been working together on this pilot project since June”. Explaining the functioning of the satellite-based system, Misra said, “A hooter will be activated as soon as it gets signal from the IC chip installed on a train when its engine is at a distance of 500 metres to 4 km from the crossing. The hooter, linked to the navigation system, will thus warn road users about the approaching train. It will become louder as the train comes near the crossing and will fall silent after the train has passed.”
The SAC director said, “Under the pilot project, IC chips have been installed on five engines of trains on different routes. The testing on the satellite-based hooter system has been going on since June to check if it is reliable and can function under different climatic conditions.”
He said, “Isro is using its constellation of seven navigation satellites (IRNSS or NaVIC) for the railway safety system as the technology, once the pilot project is over successfully, will be installed on all trains across the country in phased manner.”
Misra said, “The satellite-based system will also be used for tracking trains for disseminating information about their movement on a real-time basis.” He said, “The system will also help the railways map the area covered by trains. The technology will come in handy at the time of a railway accident when it can be used to ascertain the exact location of a train.”
The push for using the space technology for the railway safety system came after PM Narendra Modi, during a national meet on September 7, 2015, asked all central ministries and state governments to make the most of the Isro technology to provide good governance.
Safety at unmanned level crossings is a cause for concern for the railways as these crossings witness maximum accidents. The national transporter had explored various ways to address the issue before settling for the Isro system. There are about 7,254 unmanned railway crossings in the country which account for around 40% of accidents involving the railways. There are about 18,000 manned level crossings.
Source: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/railways-using-isro-tech-to-avoid-accidents-at-unmanned-crossings/articleshow/61635323.cms
Press Information Bureau
Government of India
Ministry of Coal
15-November-2017 17:54 IST
Coal India Limited and Railways jointly succeed in loading 250 coal rakes on 14th November, 2017 which is an all time high achievement for the month of November.
The synergetic efforts of CIL and Railways with close monitoring by the Ministries of Coal, Railways and Power have resulted in this unprecedented growth in coal off-take and improved despatch for power sector in particular.
CIL and Railways are now aiming for loading of 266 coal rakes/day.
The growth in coal despatch to power sector in the last three months came as a big help for coal based power plants despite the drop in generation from hydro, nuclear as well as imported coal based plants.
In a major achievement, the synergetic efforts of Coal India Limited (CIL) and Railways with close monitoring by the Ministries of Coal, Railways and Power have resulted in unprecedented growth in coal off-take and improved despatch of coal for power sector in particular. Strengthening coal transportation and coal production effectively, Coal India Limited loaded 250 rakes of goods train through Indian Railways system on 14 November 2017, an all time high achievement for the month of November to ensure smooth coal supply. Out of these rakes, 223 rakes were exclusively loaded for thermal power stations across the country.
Achieving a loading of 250 rakes in a day in the month of November has set a new record. This achievement has been in spite of the continuation of sporadic rains in some of the coalfields. Normally, loading at such levels is attained from late December when the onset of favourable environment helps in ramping up coal production.
CIL and Railways are now jointly working on a strategy to enhance loading target to 266 coal rakes per-day which will further help both power and non-power sector in meeting their demands for coal.
The growth in coal despatch to power sector in August, September and October of the current Fiscal has been 20%, 21% and 18% respectively as compared to the same period in the previous fiscal year. This has helped coal based power plants in meeting the spurt in demand of festive and paddy season, despite the drop in generation from hydro, nuclear as well as imported coal based plants.
CIL is poised to contribute load of 300 rakes through Indian Railways which includes about 35 rakes for coal beneficiation and coal lifted through road for loading from Goods Shed sidings of Indian Railways.
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Thank you Mahesh, a very good morning to all of you. I don’t know, is it the first day of this..? It’s the second day. So, you have already given them enough Gyaan. And, this goes on for? 3 days, wow! So lovely to be at the CLSA India Conference once again. Do I miss somebody in the room? Is Chris there? Or he isn’t? No!
That’s one feature that has been constant as much as I have been for the last many years, and always a delight to share notes, to exchange ideas with this gathering. I have, in fact, attended your conference before I became a Minister also, and I had laid out some thoughts about what the vision of the new government would be like. And, since then, for the last 3 years or so, 3 and a half years now, we have consistently focused on maintaining that long term vision with which we had set out in 2014, without getting into what we inherited in 2014, which is a matter of record, the mood of the nation, the kind of overall investor appetite in 2014 is all well known.
Post that as I had mentioned on an earlier occasion, this government took the path of much more long-term and sustainable change or reform or transformation if you may, so that we prepare India for the long haul. We don’t look at India in the perspective of tomorrow, but in the perspective of years and decades ahead of us. In some sense, not the most favourite of analogies to take for any of us here, and I don’t mean any offence. But, in some sense, that’s what China did, post 1979, when they focused their first few years – I think it was the 1979 to ’84 period – where they focused on preparing the nation through a framework, through a ecosystem that would take the nation into the orbit of growth, continuing growth, sustainable development, sustainable not possibly in the sense of sustainability and the environment, but certainly, consistent growth.
And as we set out to look at the India story, largely, our effort has also been on the changing mindset of the nation, the changing technologies across the world, the way businesses were evolving in the aftermath of the last decade, which certainly was not one of the most glorious decades, particularly, for the financial world. And in that sense, our transformation journey focused largely on, as the Prime Minister often says, to Reform, Perform and Transform the India story. We have been engaging with experts from across the world to understand what would be the best path forward. We have tried to maintain very strong macro-economic indicators, be it our effort to bring down deficits, to look at controlling inflation or bringing down inflation, seeing what efforts can be done, so that interest rates and investor expectations remain moderate in the country.
We have also been able to reasonably keep on the path of growth, save and except, the changes that we are seeing in the last 6 months or so where uncertainties associated with the impending GST and then the first few transition months of GST gave a little cause of concern, more to the outside world than to the government.
We have tried to clean up the banking system, some hits, some misses along the way. We have tried to change the image of the country from one where India was traditionally associated with corruption at the highest levels, with irregularities in government functioning, difficulties in doing business, an uncompetitive environment in which to progress, very little concern for sustainability or climate change, or engaging with the world. And, in some sense, even on our geo-political relations or activities, India was a little bit of a loner, isolated from many parts of the world.
A lot of that has changed in the last three and a half years. I don’t think anybody can allege any corruption at high levels in the government today. Of course, you will come up with instances of a traffic cop indulging in some corruption or a local government official, maybe even a local tax official not showing the highest levels of integrity, but we very sincerely believe that change has to start from the top.
I remember a very telling incident that happened to my wife in a taxi, where he was overcharging her for a short journey. And she said, ‘but this journey costs only so much, why you asking for more?’ And his answer was a very-very telling comment on how corruption at high levels impacts the nation where he said, ‘ma’m I have only asked for a 10 bucks more, I have not asked for a coal block.’ Of course, he said it in Hindi, so while there are lot of people from abroad, the Hindi version gives a far greater sense of his agony I may say, ki maine to 10 rupye hi zyada maange hain, koi koyle ki dalaali thode hi ki hai.’
And, to my mind, this is something the people of India always wanted. The 1.2 billion people in India are super smart. Let’s not at all be under any wrong impression that they don’t understand what’s good for them, what’s good for the nation. It’s not as if they only get carried away by the immediate actions or by the immediate impact on anybody’s lives. They also understand who is good and what is good for the country, and in that sense, the fact that the Bhartiya Janta Party and its allies which had only 6 state governments in 2014 when we went into the general election, today is running 18 state governments out of 29, 6 has become 18 in the last three and a half years. Possibly, by 18th December, 18 will become 19.
And I am not saying it with any arrogance, it’s the general sense that one gets after visiting Himachal Pradesh and the levels of discontentment with corruption, particularly, in that state. And I am only saying this to reflect that even politically it has not been bad for the government. Every rating or national survey that has come out over the last three and a half years, save and except, an occasional slight dip has consistently seen Prime Minister Modi’s popularity go up.
We have, by and large, in local body elections across the country, even in states where the BJP was in very poor shape until a few years ago, or even as recently as three or four years ago. The people have supported Prime Minister Modi and his team and endorsed the work that they have done.
And I say this all this because I think it is important to understand that in a mature democracy like India, unless we did these changes we would have lost the trust of the people of India in government, in processes, in the very political establishment that we have in the country. Because for years, they have been looking and wanting to see a government that can put economics or good governance above mere politics.
I was just now talking to Sonal and Mahesh before I came in and I got this piece of paper just as I landed in Delhi half an hour back. I just sought this information out of curiosity, but I was sharing with Mahesh and Sonal, I was doing an assessment of the Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana, the programme by which we give loans, as low as $800, it could even be lower than that, it could be $200 to a max of about $15,000 – 10 lakh Indian rupees. So, anything from $200-300-500 to $15,000 small loans, small business, small entrepreneurs, and these are not agricultural loans, this is other than agriculture.
And you will be amazed at the fact that there have been about 21 million accounts which have borrowed under this Mudra Yojana – 21 million accounts only in the last 7 months. Overall, over the last 2 years or 2.5 years of the programme, it’s about 90 million accounts. Some of them maybe second-time, third-time borrowers; some have done well in life and taken larger loans after repaying the old loan. Maybe if one was to look at unique borrowers, the 90 million may come down to 60 million or thereabouts, 50 or 60 million.
The amount that has been lent to these 20 million borrowers at an average is about $800 – 48,428 Indian rupees, and the amount lent is about $15 billion in the aggregate, logically 20 million and 800 dollars – 97,697 crores until 3rd November, in the current fiscal year, April to 3rd November. But now, let’s look at the important aspect of it… and I will come to the railways, I am not doing away with the railways, but I thought the context setting is important what the people of India really want and what is reflective of the changing story on the ground, in the villages in rural India at the bottom of the pyramid.
There is no reservation in these loans. It’s not as if we have told them we have to give so many loans to a particular section of society or to another. We have not said there is any backward classes here, there’s any scheduled caste, scheduled tribe, none of that, which often has been seen or assumed to be the bane of Indian society. Out of the 21 million borrowers, the scheduled castes, people who have been deprived on caste lines for centuries now in India, are 18.79% of the borrowers. The scheduled tribes are about 5.34% of the borrowers, together being about 24 point something.
And on a national average, we find that scheduled castes and scheduled tribes make up for about 21 odd percent of the population. The backward classes, again people who been deprived of many of the advantages or benefits that many of us have but were not available for people who are persecuted for many years. The other backward classes have got about 34.6% of the loans – borrowers are 34.6% OBC. The population census broadly categorises them at about 27 to 35% in different states, different percentages. And, the other general categories about 41.27% of the loans.
Now why I am saying this is very often a lot of people misunderstand that because of reservation, because of government interference in many ways country has not been able to progress. But the fact is even without any reservation, this is the demographic mix at which these loans were given out, reflecting that a programme for the first time is giving financial inclusion and ability to stand on their own feet, entrepreneurial ability, an ability to truly stand up for what they want to do to the common man, to the man at the bottom of the pyramid, enabling him to transform his life.
And it has happened on this demographic basis with no compulsion, it’s a natural loan mix. It’s by coincidence that these statistics reflect in country’s population, only suggesting how this spreads, how good projects, good programmes have a natural spread in the country. And in some sense, the railways also in one organisation that without any doubt impacts and reaches the last man at the bottom of the pyramid. It’s an organisation which can truly change the lives of the people of India. It can truly impact businesses, particularly, with the logistics cost in India I think in most of your analysts report I find being much higher than our neighbouring countries, probably, in some cases twice as high as many of our competing neighbours or competitors in the global landscape.
And, therefore, it was very important for the railways also to look at big ticket changes to have an impactful new look that we have tried to do over the last three and a half years. In fact, statistically if one was to see, the amount that has been invested in the railways in the last three years/three and a half years, about $65 billion, is 50% of the amount spent since independence before that on the Indian railways. That’s the scale up in terms of modernising and improving the railways that the Modi government has sought to do in three and a half years.
I was seeing the figures between 2009 and 2014, the Indian railways spent in five years about $40 billion. In the last year alone, the years that’s currently on, 2017-18, which will end in April, we would have spent about $20 billion in one year alone. So, in every respect, there is a sense of urgency in the change we are trying to bring in the Indian railways. But the first and most important ingredient for that change was the change in mindset. And I think doing things differently, doing things faster, doing things better, doing things more creatively, doing things more effectively, doing things more economically, that was something which was very alien to the railway infrastructure as it exists. It was a carry-on business story that we got.
But I can see a sense of urgency creeping in when I talk to my team at Railtel, about a month ago I gave them a task and about 4-5 days back they came up with a credible programme in which we are trying to see how we can take Wi-Fi to about 1500 important stations across the country and at least some hotspots on every station through the length and breadth of the country.
You know, we have number of stations, for example, we have 2000 or the 8400 stations where we don’t have any paraphernalia or infrastructure, maybe one or two trains stop in a day. So, we don’t have a stationery infrastructure, a station master or a booking officer, any of that, just a station, the guy comes in when the train is expected to come in and otherwise it’s just a empty platform. But I am planning to put in a Wi-Fi hotspot over there also. Of course, it may sound very silly and stupid to do that, but it is not for those 50-100 passengers that may possibly or alight.
The idea is that there may be 30-40 villages around that area, and in India every village and every child literally born in the village knows the nearest railway station. The idea is to help them catch up, help them get connected to what’s happening in the world, so we will ask somebody in the nearby vicinity. And we have industry all across the country, I am looking at a public-private partnership. I will get any plant, cement plant or a steel plant or a power plant or a power substation, there will be somebody around who will adopt that, run a computer class through the day on that platform, making good use of that platform.
We already have a Railtel infrastructure or broadband optic fibre which is being laid across the length and breadth of the rail network. So, it’s not a very great incremental cost. I will have a Wi-Fi hotspot there. I will have some equipment. First I was thinking of computers, then I am struggling with the thought of how to protect those computers. So, finally one of the guys in the team, a younger person suggested, sir just give a slightly larger smart phone, something between a phone and an iPad, so the teacher can just put it in a briefcase and go away with that and come back the next day and set up the whole infrastructure for children to learn with a small briefcase-help computer and a printer.
But it’s these small changes in the thinking of the people that will then help them to think big. So, now from a situation where we were very satisfied that Good and the Indian Railways has partnered to do 400 railway stations, Wi-Fi on 400 important railway stations, which of course, was to happen by the end of 2018, but we are trying to see if we can do it by June, 2018.
But can we in the next 15 months take Wi-Fi to 8400 stations and what an impact that can have to the man or to that child who would otherwise never get a chance to learn about computers, learn about what’s happening in the rest of the world, let his mind explore. I am only trying to reflect on the changed thinking with which we are running government programmes as things change.
In fact, one of the first decisions I took when I took charge was that every piece of rail – and we have a shortage of rail sadly for many years – to be diverted for track renewal, so we bring safety into the rail system. Safety is a matter of serious concern across the nation after a series of unfortunate accidents. And I can’t tell you the enthusiasm that I found everywhere when I went in the railways review in different zones, just by the simple decision to divert every piece of track that we had to provide for safety and renew tracks where they are worn out. And in the meantime, we are now looking at importing maybe a million and a half or 2 million tonnes of rail, 700,000 tonnes of rail tenders are already out, I think by December they will be finalized and we hope to import that rail and supplement the effort to fast-track both track renewal and the expansion of the railway network.
But a small decision like that for the employees, for the people working in the railways was hugely exciting, because, after all, when that man goes out on the street and meets people on the street and says, I work for the Indian railways, the first thought that comes to the mind of the person who meets him is one of an organisation which is very insensitive, there are accidents happening all the time, possibly an organisation which has a lot of irregularities or corruption, a lethargic organisation. It was a imagine that unfortunately made the railways slide further over several decades.
I still remember, in my childhood when we would meet a railway official, it would be a matter of pride to say that, oh, I work for the Indian Railways, and others would look up to him. But, over a period of time, I think a combination of factors where we politicized the Indian Railways, where we did not allow it to modernize and, therefore, remained with backward technology, a period of time where we did not allow the freight and passenger charges to truly reflect the market dynamics, has caused the railways to get into a little bit of a despair, which is all that needs to be changed. You change the mindset, the ideas come from them.
I mean, one way to stop accidents resulting in fatalities was only to employ a LHP coach; it’s some German designed coach, which is far more stable in the event of an accident. It has a better coupler technology. I am not an engineer, so pardon me for my lack of knowledge of the technicalities of it, but it has a better coupler technology. It’s far more stable in the event of an accident, has not had any fatalities even if there was an accident so far. It’s a technology which is still 30 years old, by the way, but not yet fully used in the railways.
And we continue to produce coaches which are prone to accidents and very risky, we still continue to produce them. I am hoping that by June of 2018, the railways will completely stop producing the ICF coaches. We are trying to ramp up LHP coaches to about 6 or 8 times what are being produced today, so that in the next 5 years we can have a 100% secure and safe railway, all of the passenger trains using only these German technology LHP coaches. And in the meantime, we are looking at what more can we bring in, can we bring in trains sets into the system, can we bring in better, more light weight trains which may give us faster speeds yet give us safety, and all of that.
A lot of criticism was there around the bullet train which we are trying to introduce, saying that look at safety first, why the bullet train? It’s that mentality, that mindset which has kept the railways backward. I am told even when the Rajdhani, which is the last modern train to come into India in 1969, 48 years ago, when that was introduced in 1969 there was a lot of criticism across the country, including the chairman of the railway board was opposed to it.
But when we take these decisions, whether to bring in the bullet train, whether to balance our social obligations with our economic interests of the railways, whether to expand but expand sensibly, whether to electrify the entire rail network so that we can save a billion and a half dollars every year in fuel bills, also bringing down our import dependency on petroleum products, whether it’s our effort to modernise the passenger amenities, bring in what is top of the line in terms of passenger comfort on the train, on the platforms; all of these things cumulatively and collectively can help transform the Indian railways into truly an engine of growth, truly an organisation which holds the customer as its central focus, both passenger and freight, which maintains price points to affordable levels and doesn’t lose traffic on premium trains to the airlines, or freight traffic to road transport, which is happening by the way. The railways which used to run almost 60-65% of our freight traffic is down to probably 45-48% now.
We need to get that mojo back into the railways freight business. We are having dedicated freight corridors come up, a number of metro projects have come up, we are now looking at indigenising that, though it doesn’t come under my Ministry. It’s another Ministry, but we are looking how we can bring down cost so that more and more metros can transport passengers in the cities. With the bullet train being introduced, we are looking at making the entire infrastructure in India, so that we can bring down costs and expand the bullet train story to about at least the 10-12,000 kms of premium traffic.
All of these things put together will I think help us once again make the railways a profit-making entity, which it has slid over the last 15-20 years, once again bring back efficiency, punctuality, a different way of working. It’s more again the attitude and approach of each railway man that has to be tuned to change. Whether it’s in the testing equipment; you will be amazed, we still have testing which is literally checking the track with a instrument to see its stability. All we need is 500 spur cars or testing locomotives to go through the length and breadth of the railways and improve the predictability of tracks or track failure.
So, in conclusion, if one was to say as Prime Minister Modi once said, what we really needed in the railways was a small man making large changes, which ultimately impact again the small man of the country. And the railways being the lifeline of the country, I think all of these small changes, the changes in attitude, the changes in public delivery, the changes in investing smart, the changes in making it more environmentally-friendly, the changes which hopefully at some day will make passengers reach destinations much faster, safer, allow freight to reach much faster at affordable prices through dedicated freight corridors, more better efficient management of freight trains, time-tabled freight trains, improving our processes through better use of OR, looking at more efficient ways to have freight or passenger bookings done, innovating on our construction contracts to make them more transparent, to give them larger scale, to make them much more attractive for larger companies to work in, bring in better rolling stock, bring in better quality of tracks.
The other day a British company was saying, they can bring in good galvanising and coating so that all the rail lines along the coastal region we can almost double or even better their working life, therefore, reducing the amount of traffic blocks required for maintenance.
All of these things put together will cumulatively impact the working of the railways, the profitability of the railways and I think help the railways once again serve the common man with a far-far better system, focused on safety, focused on customer satisfaction, bringing in private investments at more attractive prices. I looked at the station development model, the model where private people invest in the companies; the railways would only allow us 6% return for private investment. I think that’s ridiculous, nobody is going to invest for a 6% return with the railways, equity return.
So, we are looking at rewriting all of these age-old policies and theories. Yesterday, I was reviewing a project the Chhattisgarh state government and the Indian railways, some of the conditions were very-very onerous, which I hope to liberalize, so we can get much more investments in this joint venture model. We are going to use IT in a big way, so we can actually try and get technology focus into the railways and let technology help us expand smarter.
All of these efforts are possible, are possible both in the short-run and in the medium term, I am quite confident that as the nation moves towards a new India by 2022, Indian railways will move towards a new railway and there cannot be new India, without a new Indian railway serving the people of India.
Thank you.
Thank you Mr Goyal for sharing your insights and sharing your vision on how to make railways more competitive and a growth engine for the country as a whole. So, we will open the floor for Q&A, but just to start off if I can ask a couple of questions of my own.
Q: Sir, you have talked about almost a $150 billion of investments in railways over the next sort of 5 years or so. And while you rightly mentioned that there has already been a big step up in railways investment over the last few years already. But given the fact that at the central government we are looking at some fiscal (inaudible) and the fiscal consolidation, how are you looking at going about funding such a large infrastructure capex (inaudible) just for railways alone of $150 billion?
A: Well, I think financing is one thing which has never been a deterrent for me in any of my role so far. If you structure the project well, financing can never be a constraint. A simple thing like monetising our railway assets and we have huge assets across the country. Earlier, we were allowing only 45-year leases and we were not allowing investors to mortgage the property or create sub-leases, and we found a lukewarm response. We are now moving that to a 99-year lease. We are allowing mortgage of that property and we are going to allow unlimited number of times you can lease or sub-lease or sub-sub-lease or whatever. And you suddenly find a lot of interest coming in to use the railway properties and exploit them for commercial purposes while giving revenue to the railways.
Similarly, electrification – now we need maybe $6 or $7 billion more to electrify the entire Indian railway network. I was just sitting in my office and somebody came in the other day and said we are willing to fund the entire thing 100%, and you pay us out of the savings, when you are saving a billion and a half dollars after that, you can pay us out of the savings over 20 years. So, the savings need not all go towards repaying that money, but partly towards that the rest be again be reinvested into the railways.
And like that as I am seeing each and every one of the items, I am finding that there is always a better way to do the project. For example, we are investing nearly $4 or $5 billion with Chhattisgarh government. Yesterday, when I saw the contract which said you cannot mortgage the rail line, because railways doesn’t allow it to. And, therefore, that joint venture was going to borrow at 9.1%, but my limited knowledge of finance, whatever is left now, tells me that it makes no sense. If the banker is investing, we should allow him to mortgage the asset. We should give him some comfort on a potential revenue stream. And moment we were to do that, I think that joint venture will borrow at probably 7% or thereabouts. So, you will bring down 2% cost, make the project more viable, give better returns faster, attract more investment.
So, my idea is not that the government of India will have to fund this $150 billion. Frankly, I feel that even the 10 billion or 9 billion that is slated to be invested by government of India in the current year in the Indian railways should not be required. We should look at more innovative ways of self-financing that will bring discipline into our working also, and that will make us more conscious about return on our investment. And that is the only way we can improve passenger service, we can improve our freight service, we can expand both of them and yet do a good job in terms of financial management. So, I think till we remain almost like parasites on the national exchequer, we will not be able to be effective and efficient in our working.
Q: One more question is, you mentioned as a part of your presentation that there are several ways you are using to make the railways operations more efficient, save cost on fuel and variety of other things. Sir, do you think that is going to be enough to achieve your goal of making railways more profitable or do you think there will be some revenue enhancements also that will be needed to be taken?
A: No, I don’t need any revenue enhancement measures. You are putting it very mildly. You are asking me whether I will increase the freight rates or passenger rates, I am not going to do that. My approach, and you saw that in power, you saw that in coal, my approach is that a customer is willing to pay if you give him good service and you give him a good product. How can the inefficiency of your operations be charged to the consumer?
In fact, I remember I think in your forum I have used this example. Suppose, Mahesh and I were both making bottles of water, and I use 20% more plastic, I waste 30% more water, I engage 30% more labour, and therefore, my bottle costs maybe 20%, I am not going to get 20% more from madam just because I am more inefficient. But I go to her and I say, look, I am an inefficient guy, please pay me 20% more for the same bottle of water than you will pay to Mahesh and pay for my inefficiency. Nobody is going to do that.
So, I think the focus and approach will have to be on – and I tell you it’s possible with simple things. Many of you, at least, the Indian lot here would have probably travelled some time or the other on a Rajdhani – it goes from Mumbai to Delhi and many other places. Now a Mumbai-Delhi Rajdhani is slated to travel at about 130 km at peak. The distance is about 1200 kms. My own sense is, even factoring in the 2 or 3 stops that it originally started with, it should have done the journey in 11 hours. We added some stops and, therefore, made it more and more inefficient.
Also, along the years, tracks quality deteriorated, so you had certain sections of the track where speeds had to slow down. I remember there used to be a bridge for many years which was in disrepair, so speed had to come down to 15 km on that bridge near Virar, which would kill almost one hour, slowing down the Rajdhani, running that bridge of a kilometre or so at 15 km and then picking up speed.
So, therefore, we have a Rajdhani taking 16 hours today. I have just experimented with a Rajdhani with 14 hours, brought it down by 2 hours. Small changes, little speed enhancement and a couple of stops reduced. It’s only a first step. My target is still that 11 hours, because if we were to do it in 11 hours, I could use half an hour to go, send 20 teams into each of those coaches for maintenance, for cleaning or whatever else, and do a second journey that same day, using that train and almost double the utilization of my asset, reducing the strain and blockage on the route also. Otherwise I am blocking that route in some sense, because it’s a premium train for so many more hours.
Alternately, assuming it still takes 16 hours, can I use the 6-7 hours more, other than maintenance and cleaning time, to do a short journey to Pune and back or Nasik and back. Utilization of railway assets alone can literally help railways expand their revenues, if not double by at least 50 or 60%, just better and smarter utilization of our assets.
Look at a freight train coming from Jawarlal Nehru Port Trust around Mumbai to let’s say Punjab. Ideally, it should do that journey in under a day or at best 28-29 hours. Today, I don’t think it reaches there in less than 3 or 4 days. The entire various impediments along the way. Now, the customer is unhappy. He has taken 3 days to take the goods to his factory. It adds to his working capital. It adds to his operating cost. It also adds to possible pilferage, because the train stops at too many locations along the way. And there is an uncertainty, because we don’t have time-tabled freight trains, too many of them at least.
Now, suppose I was able to have all of these freight trains committed to a time table, the customer would be happy, customer would save costs. He would be willing to expand his business with me. I would have that same rake probably do another journey in that much time, even if it had to go back empty. There are many routes where we have to send back empties, while we are trying to see how we can use them in other alternate ways, but even if it was to go back empty I could do a second journey in the same amount of time.
Q: Piyush ji, thank you for taking my question and thank you for being here. It was very informative. You talked about mindset change, and for me, this is a huge change that whatever numbers you give, either you are pulling forward the timelines or you are almost saying that budget is not a constraint, so that is very encouraging and definitely very new. So, given all of this, given the push from the top, the tone from the top, budget not being a constraint, what do you see are the biggest bottlenecks today, and what are the timelines? You mentioned 2022, I don’t know why you think of that timeline because elections are in 2019, so how does the time table work from here?
A: Let me answer that election part. This is something I am sharing with you as an insight into the thinking of the Prime Minister Modi and this cabinet. There are many occasions when a decision has to be taken which is politically incorrect. And I know there are so many times some of us or at occasions all of us have requested the honourable Prime Minister that can we differ this decision, there is an election round the corner. And every single one of the time, and I am saying this without exception, every single one of the times his question has been, ‘is it good for the people? Is it good for the nation? If yes, on these two criteria, then we will do it now, here and now, elections will not determine the time of a good decision.’
And I am saying this to help you understand his thinking. He is absolutely clear about it. And I remember one decision we had taken just before the UP election, and almost unanimously the cabinet was saying, it was something to do with farmers. And the entire cabinet said, I mean ‘UP election, farmers? We can just push it off by 3 months.’ And these two questions were asked in the cabinet, everybody had no argument against these two questions. In Hindi, he said ‘Janhit mein hai, desh hit mein hai?’ Is it in the interests of the people, is it in the interest of the country? Done, passed, approved.
And you saw the result, we got 325 out of 430 seats in UP, not because of that decision certainly. But if you stay the course, you are bound to succeed. Your question about 2022 is India turns 75, independence in 1947. We will turn 75 in 2022. We do believe the nation has waited far too long for a better quality of life. And we believe that it is imperative that we set a timeline to our commitment by when we will rid this country of casteism, of communalism, of corruption, by when we will ensure every citizen in this country has a shelter on his head, has a toilet in his home, has 24 hours electricity flowing at affordable prices in his home, has cleaning drinking water in his home, has good education and healthcare available for his family near his home.
We believe that India will have to develop the villages, will have to – as I think, was it President Abdul Kalam who had said, India will have to go global or look at taking good amenities and development to the last man at the bottom of the pyramid in the villages. That’s the only way we can really have a developed India. And, therefore, the 2022 timeline gives us about 5 years from now to focus our energies to impacting lives. And I certainly am very conscious of 2019, so therefore, if you saw I spoke about transforming the mindset in the next 15 months, making a impactful change in the next 15 months.
Undoubtedly, I am in politics. I have to get re-elected and I will focus on that. But decisions will not be tailor-made on that, decisions will be taken for the longer term, effort will be to expedite whatever I can in the shorter term.
Q: And the biggest impediments that you see to the implementation…?
A: No roadblock at all. If at all the roadblock is, if you lose faith in me that will be my biggest roadblock. As long as the people of India continue to trust this government, as long as all the analysts continue to give us the kind of trust which you have consistently, which is why I was looking for you Chris – one person who believes in India, one person who has consistently believed in us. And I am grateful to you that. And I am sure it’s not because he likes me or anybody else, it’s because of the hard numbers present themselves.
Even take the demonetization move, it was 3 months before UP election. At that point of time, everybody thought the heavens have fallen on us, or the sky has fallen on our head as (inaudible) would have probably said. But, he took the decision. He believed that it was one in a series of steps which are necessary to give a strong message against corruption, against black money, against irregular and informal economy, which somehow seemed to be growing in the country. And I think these series of steps will cumulatively result in India’s image of a nation of honest people, a nation where you can do business without fear, a nation where you don’t have to worry after your investment that your coal block can be cancelled or your spectrum can be cancelled.
Q: This is a little bit regarding the bullet train project. Since we understand it’s an expenditure of 1.1 lakh crores, about 88,000 crores of which is coming from Japan, and it’s going to be yen denominated loan. You have seen that the yen has appreciated about 64% in the last 10 years, given potentiality of its appreciation going forward, do you think that that could wipe away the gains that we could have gotten from the lower .1 financing rate?
A: Well, it’s the first time in India’s history that we have got a 50-year loan, 50-year moratorium at .1%. Second – rupee has depreciated between 3-3.5% over the last 30 years, in the long term, there may have been ebbs and spikes or whatever. But in the long term that’s been the range of depreciation. I personally believe, and I think I have said that also on this forum that India should look at stronger currency and this age-old thinking of supporting exports or ensuring growth through depreciating your currency is something at least I don’t believe in.
To my mind, we have seen a reasonably stable rupee in the last 3 years, 3 and a half years. I believe that with the strong macro-economic parameters and with the way we are looking at growth going forward, India will continue to hold steady in terms of our fiscal situation and our exchange rates. But even if we were to factor in a 3-3.5% depreciation, assuming the worst, I still think India needs to engage with modern technology, India needs to give better deal to its people. And we can’t say that for lack of funds, we are going to let the people of India literally suffer to remain underdeveloped and backward for generations in the future.
As I said, the Rajdhani in ’69, and it’s no great shakes, it’s no great train really. I said the best we have in terms of coaches is a 30-year old German design. The Shinkansen is also introduced in Japan in the year of my birth, 1964. We are 53 years late in getting that. Now, are we always going to keep arguing and we are argumentative Indians, so we have to keep arguing, that do we need a bullet train in a poor country or no. But our idea is this will kick-start economic development. This 500 km is not the end. It’s the beginning. But along with that they are committed to giving us technology, they are committed to helping us make in India. We want India to start producing trains for the rest of the world at competitive prices.
So, our idea is this 1 lakh crores – 1,10,000 crores or $18 billion is only the beginning of a larger story. It’s like our electric vehicle push. There has been some criticism, particularly, from one or two companies that why are we promoting electric vehicles. Of course, it’s a different matter that they are not giving a disclaimer of their conflict of interest that they don’t produce electric cars and, therefore, they are opposing electric cars, irrespective of what good it can do for the environment or for climate change.
But, we genuinely believe that it is India’s time to promote and be the leader in electric vehicle technology, so that India produces electric vehicles for the rest of the world. We don’t remain perpetually dependent on imports and we can become the laboratory of new technology, new developments and we will provide electric vehicles to the rest of the people while doing good for our people.
After all, you have all been I am sure in Delhi, but very concerned about your health with what’s going on around here. Of course, not entirely because of automobiles, a cumulative number of factors which we all have to address all of them. But certainly, in the cities, diesel and petrol fumes are certainly impacting our health, and with renewable energy, cheaper batteries, more attractive pricing on batteries, electric vehicles becoming more affordable – unlike Elon Musk’s Tesla, we still have affordable electric vehicles coming in now. My own sense is on a lifecycle basis which you all love to work on, electric vehicles is the only way forward, operating costs are down, particularly, after our honest solar and all the renewable auctions that we had for renewable energy which has brought down the prices steeply.
Today, it’s a perfect mix for India. You have renewable energy in a big way, store it in batteries in the car, so it becomes a natural (inaudible), in your language, because we don’t have 24 hours renewable generation, so the batteries in the vehicles become natural (inaudible) and help us save billions of dollars in import of petroleum products. So, we are thinking all our programmes very holistically and very sustainably in the long run.
Q: Since you have talked about power sector, and you have been obviously a very successful Minister. So, about 2 years back, you had announced the power sector, or should I say the ACB distribution reforms – UDAY exactly. So, there were obviously two steps, one was the financial restructuring of the debt and second was the operational efficiency improvement. Sir, how satisfied are you with the progress that we have made on that so far and what more needs to be done?
A: Well, I am personally very satisfied, because it has impacted the workings of the DISCOMs, it has given them a consciousness that they have to pay for what they consume. And therefore, they are becoming more responsive in terms of right-sizing their tariffs, in terms of more efficient purchase of power, in terms of being conscious that they don’t allow inefficiencies to continue perpetually in their system. But there are, the outcomes are different between different states. So, there are some states like Rajasthan who did exceeding well, Tamil Nadu did exceedingly well, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana did exceedingly well, Haryana is half way there, another year or so it will turn into profits.
We have had some challenge in Uttar Pradesh, because the earlier government because it wasn’t an election year allowed the entire story to slip out of control. Yogi Adityanath who has now come into government in March this year is seriously working to correct some of the historical legacy that he inherited. One big challenge was power theft which they are going hammer and tongs on. Of course, sometimes they are going overboard, so literally renegotiating old PPAs also, which is I think inappropriate and I hope that part of it can be quickly settled.
So, at least it gives the comfort and consciousness to everybody that people are worried about losses, knowing full well that in the future no bank is going to finance those losses, they have to fend for themselves. That consciousness by itself will make all these DISCOMs efficient and profitable. I really don’t have to worry too much, some may do it faster, like Rajasthan or Tamil Nadu, some may take a little longer, that’s about all. But they will have to set right their systems. They have no other option left now.
Q: Just about the previous weekend, in fact, we travelled to Varanasi with a group of investors, just last Saturday and Sunday, we also visited some of the smaller villages as well. And one of the very uniform feedback that we received from the villagers and from the city people is that the power availability has definitely gone up.
A: That was a big election issue if you recall. In fact, during the election the then Chief Minister tried to say that in Benaras, in Varanasi everybody gets 24 hours electricity and it became a huge political issue across the state, but now they certainly do get it.
Q: So, on that positive and optimistic note, let me bring this presentation to a close. Thank you very much Mr Goyal for your insightful and energetic presentation and all the best!
Ends.
मेरे छोटे भाई मिनेश जैन जी, हमारी बहन, आपके क्षेत्र की बहुत ही लोकप्रिय नेता, आज पूरे भारतीय जनता पार्टी की हमारी वरिष्ठ नेता जो एक प्रकार से पूरे देश में अपने काम से, अपने कमिटमेंट से पार्टी के काम में बहुत गति दे रही हैं, श्री अमित शाह जी का सहयोग कर रही है| और वैसे मैं जिस प्रांत से आता हूँ महाराष्ट्र उसकी प्रभारी भी हैं, she is my boss, please remember that. तो मुझे यहाँ लाना कोई उनके लिए मुश्किल नहीं था उन्होंने एकदम अधिकार से मुझे बोलना ही था और मुझे आना ही था| तो ज़रा भी आपको उसके लिए विनम्र होने की ज़रूरत नहीं है, हमने आपके आदेश का पालन ही किया है|
राज्य सरकार में मंत्री, मोइले जी, मेरे बड़े भाई रमेश बैस जी, 7 टर्म से सांसद हैं पूर्व मंत्री हैं केंद्र में और इतना सरल स्वभाव, इतना dedication राजनीति में शायद ही आज कल देखने को मिलता है जैसे रमेश जी में मैं देखता हूँ हर बार पार्लियामेंट में, बाहर भी| और वही कारण है, after all, 7 बार जीतकर आना कोई सरल बात नहीं है, बहुत ही कम केस होंगे पूरे देश में जो इतना सफल राजनीतिक जीवन|
सीए कमेशा बहन से तो मैं दिल्ली में भी कई बार मिलता रहता हूँ और बहुत अच्छा कार्यक्रम भी सेंट्रल कौंसिल के द्वारा दिल्ली में पहली जुलाई को, और एक प्रकार से हमारा फाउंडेशन डे तो अब इतिहास में रहेगा परमानेंटली जीएसटी के साथ जुड़ा हुआ| थोड़ा उस दिन लेफ्ट-राइट भी हो गया था हमारा, लेकिन बहुत सुन्दर कार्यक्रम था और मुझे लगता है मेरे भी जीवन में मैंने कई कार्यक्रम देखें हैं, जितना अच्छा कार्यक्रम चार्टर्ड एकाउंटेंट्स ने पहली जुलाई, 2017 को दिल्ली में आयोजन किया और जितना सफल… और हम तो राजनीतिक प्राणी हैं, राजनीतिक प्राणी के लिए तो जैसा दीदी ने कहा कि बाहर भी लोग खड़े हैं, यहाँ चारों तरफ खड़े हैं इससे ज्यादा और हमारे को कोई दिक्कत नहीं है, बाकी सब कुछ चल जायेगा| आप बोल दो मैंने हार्वर्ड से डिग्री ली, येल से, जो सही नहीं है, तो भी चल जायेगा, लेकिन …. don’t worry पीयूष इतना टेंशन मत लो| मैंने मैनेजमेंट कोर्सेज किये हैं – ऑक्सफ़ोर्ड, येल, प्रिन्सटन से, और हार्वर्ड में मैं अभी स्टूडेंट हूँ, पहला साल पढ़ाई का कर रहा था उसके बाद मंत्री बन गया तो आधे रास्ते अटक गया हूँ वहां पर, तो अभी I am technically a student of Harvard Business School.
पर वैसे हार्वर्ड से जो लोग ड्रॉप-आउट करते हैं वह ज्यादा सफल होते हैं| कमेशा बहन ने उसमें भी बहुत काम किया था उस सफल कार्यक्रम में, of course, बहुत सारे CAs उसमें मेरे दुश्मन भी बन गए हैं उसके बाद, दोनों वजह से एक तो इतने लोग आये कि अन्दर घुस ही नहीं पाए| मैं समझता हूँ हमने 20,000-25,000 का बड़ा स्टेडियम लिया था, हमको क्या मालूम था 60,000 लोग आ जायेंगे उस कार्यक्रम में| तो उसमें कई CAs नाराज़ भी हुए, पर बहुत बढ़िया, सुन्दर कार्यक्रम था| It was truly the best programme I have seen in so many years, not only among CAs, जो मैं बाकी भी अपने राजनीतिक जीवन के कार्यक्रम देखूं तो बहुत ही बढ़िया कार्यक्रम आप लोगों ने किया|
नहीं, नहीं, आप लोगों को क्रेडिट है, क्रेडिट कभी छोड़ना नहीं, उतना लेसन तो राजनीति का दे ही सकते हैं| CA आनंद बजाज जी, CA नितिन लुनिया जी, CA अरविन्द सुराना जी, मुंबई से आये आनंद बजाज जी, अभय लोढ़ा जी, जब वह आपको फेलिसिटेट कर रहे थे उन्होंने कहा BSP के, मैं सोच रहा था यार मेरे कार्यक्रम में बहुजन समाज पार्टी को भी फेलिसिटेट करने वाले हैं| I was truly worried कि यह हो क्या रहा है यहाँ पर| But we are very proud of Bhilai Steel Plant and you have…. Chartered accountant, I was just informed.
मेरा तो पहला ट्रिप है आज भिलाई में लेकिन my late father probably would have visited this place maybe more than a 100 times, because उनका पूरा जीवन स्टील इंडस्ट्री से जुड़ा हुआ था| काशी विश्वविद्यालय से इंजीनियरिंग करने के बाद वह 30 वर्ष तक स्टील इंडस्ट्री में रहे और मुकुंद की मशीन बिल्डिंग डिवीज़न उन्होंने शुरू की थी, शायद अभी भी they are into equipment supplies. He had started that in the late 60s I think, तो उसकी वजह से भिलाई स्टील प्लांट बहुत आते थे, only that’s how the Bhilai was always before our eyes. पर मैं धन्यवाद करूँगा सरोज जी का जिन्होंने मुझे वास्तव में आज मौका दिया भिलाई भी पहुँचने का और मैं तो एकदम हैरान हो गया जब मिनेश जी ने बताया 400 चार्टर्ड एकाउंटेंट्स हैं यहाँ पर, मैंने कहा करते क्या है 400?
तो पता चला यहाँ पर बहुत उद्योग जगत भी बड़ा है, व्यापार भी बहुत है, पैसे वाले भी बहुत हैं| मेरा हेलिकॉप्टर उतर रहा था तो Mercedes भी इधर-उधर मैं देख रहा था सड़क पर| पर बहुत अच्छा लगा ‘Best Branch’ का ख़िताब आपको मिला है कई वर्षों के लिए – 8 बार| Heartiest congratulations to all of you. And I am proud to have come to the first CA programme, मैं CAs के कई प्रोग्राम करता रहता हूँ देश में, पर रेल मंत्री बनने के बाद या कैबिनेट में जाने के बाद यह मेरा पहला प्रोग्राम है CAs का| तो अच्छा है Best Branch में ही Best कार्यक्रम करना चाहिए, पर वास्तव में आपने जो सब्जेक्ट चूज़ किया है वह तो certainly best है, that I can positively tell you.
आज वास्तव में स्टार्ट अप इंडिया एक बहुत महत्वपूर्ण कार्यक्रम तो सरकार का है ही, चाहे वह केंद्र सरकार हो, छत्तीसगढ़ ने भी अभी उसको अडॉप्ट किया है पर विश्व में बदलते हुए परिप्रेक्ष्य में व्यापार के, मैन्युफैक्चरिंग के, जिस प्रकार से टेक्नोलॉजी का advent बढ़ते जा रहा है मैं समझता हूँ अगर कोई रिलेवेंट सब्जेक्ट है जिसके लिए हम सबको भी चिंता भी करनी पड़ेगी और सीखना-समझना भी पड़ेगा तो वह स्टार्ट अप इंडिया, स्टैंड अप इंडिया, new technological innovations, artificial intelligence, 3D manufacturing, इन सब चीज़ों का यह भविष्य होने वाला है| और बदलते हुए landscape में…it’s a very contemporary subject. I am delighted that you have chosen to discuss it today. Both our loyal friends Piyush and Priyesh, यह वह Laurel Hardy की तरह तो नहीं है कुछ – पीयूष, प्रियेश, though your size doesn’t say that. But I am grateful to you for your kind introductory words. मैं अभी दीदी को बता रहा था हमने भी बचपन में अपना पोलिटिकल करियर जब शुरू किया तब संचालन कर-करके कार्यक्रमों के हमने शायद दोनों ने ही वैसे ही शुरू किया होगा| रमेश जी हम सबके जीवन में शुरुआत तो ऐसे ही होती हैं, तो दो budding politicians आप बना लो इनको एक्टिव पार्टी में|
भाईयों और बहनों, भिलाई के प्रबुद्ध नागरिकगण, दीदी ने जब मुझे कहा कि यहाँ के CAs कार्यक्रम करना चाहते हैं तो I think मैंने बिना hesitation के लिए agree किया था, थोड़ा समय लग गया आने में क्योंकि पिछले कुछ दिनों में काम में व्यस्तता ज्यादा थी लेकिन दोनों कारण, दीदी का मेरे ऊपर पूरा अधिकार है और चार्टर्ड एकाउंटेंट्स के बीच तो अपने परिवार के बीच में आने जैसे होता है तो always अच्छा लगता है| I am really delighted to be amongst all of you and, in some sense, I hope to learn a lot when I leave from Bhilai.
मैं अभी-अभी आपके सुझाव भी पढ़ रहा था दोनों NFRA के बारे में और GST, थोड़ा बहुत उसका भी ज़िक्र करूँगा| लेकिन आज अभी तक जितने भाषण हुए या जो पीयूष और प्रियेश ने कहा उसमें दो-तीन चीज़ें पहले थोड़ा ज़िक्र करूँगा क्योंकि उससे एक ग़लतफहमी भी ठीक करनी है और थोड़े coincidences आपके साथ share करने हैं|
सबसे पहले तो मुझे राजनीति कोई विरासत में नहीं मिली है, since आपने कहा तो मैंने कहा वह स्पष्टीकरण कर लूं, राजनीति में दिलचस्पी ज़रूर विरासत में मिली है| पर भारतीय जनता पार्टी की विशेषता यह है कि आप कितने भी बड़े घराने में पैदा हो, आपका surname कुछ भी हो, आपका राजनीतिक जीवन का सफ़र तो तय होगा आपके काम से, आपकी क्षमता से वह विरासत में किसी को नहीं मिल सकती है, किसी को न मिलनी चाहिए| मैंने खुद, of course, political family में जन्म लिया, मम्मी-पापा दोनों राजनीति में थे तो स्वाभाविक है बहुत ज्यादा influence रहा politics का मेरे ऊपर, पर हमारे परिवार में भी हम चार भाई बहन थे, तो बाकियों को नहीं आया मेरे में दिलचस्पी जागृत हो गयी तो मैं इसमें आ गया| अगर विरासत टाइप होता तो आज कल तो परिवार में उत्तर प्रदेश आपके नजदीक ही है, वहां तो पूरा परिवार मतलब चाचा, ताऊ, भतीजा, भांजा, फिर second wife का शुरू हो जाता है|
पर हमारे यहाँ काम करना पड़ता है और मुझे लगता है मैंने 1986, अब 31 वर्ष हो गए हैं पार्टी में काम किया मुझे अभी भी याद है पहले चुनाव में door to door campaigning, और अभी हाल ही में गुजरात में 3 दिन पहले फिर एक बार door to door campaigning की| हमारी पार्टी में आप छोटे से छोटे पद पर या कार्यकर्ता की भूमिका में काम करो या राष्ट्रीय अध्यक्ष अमित शाह बन जाओ या जनरल सेक्रेटरी सरोज पांडेय बन जाओ या कोई मंत्री बन जाओ| मूल जनता के साथ संपर्क, जनता के साथ जुड़ाव, और जनता के बीच में रहने का जो कार्यक्रम है वह बदलता नहीं है| तो 1986 में भी हमारे घर के नज़दीक ही एक एरिया घाटकोपर वगैरा में एक चुनाव था जब मैंने पहले door to door campaigning की और अभी हाल ही में अहमदाबाद गया था| तो हमारा गुजरात में चुनाव है तो उसका एक संपर्क महाअभियान चल रहा है, तो उस दिन भी मुझे door to door campaigning के लिए एक पूरे क्षेत्र में लेकर गए, यह भारतीय जनता पार्टी की विशेषता है जनता से संपर्क, जनता से जुड़ाव और जनता के बीच में ही रहकर काम करना, उनसे सीखना, समझना, उनके दुःख-सुख में शामिल होना, कंधे से कंधा लगाकर उनके साथ चलना और फिर उसमें किसी को भी रिहायत नहीं है, surname कुछ भी हो|
हाँ लेकिन हमारे को यह भी allowed नहीं है कि हम नाटक के लिए किधर जायें और door to door campaigning करें, वह भी हमारे यहाँ पर allowed नहीं है, सीरियसली करना पड़ता है, रिपोर्ट करना पड़ता है फिर क्या काम किया| और कई वर्षों तक ज़मीन से जुड़े रहकर काम किया, फिर अलग-अलग मौके मिले, 1989 में दिल्ली बुलाया गया, माननीय आडवाणी जी का इलेक्शन देखने, 1991 में और एक काम मिला केंद्रीय कार्यालय में, चुनाव का पूरा प्रबंधन देखने के लिए| और ऐसे चलते रहा सिलसिला| 1998 to 2004 एक प्रकार से मैं राजनीति से बाहर हो गया और उसका भी कारण इसलिए बताना चाहता हूँ कि यह भारतीय जनता पार्टी और बाकियों में फर्क क्या है|
हमारी सरकार आ गयी थी 1998 में, एनडीए-1, वाजपेयी जी की सरकार, मेरे पिताजी सांसद थे, उनकी कुछ जिम्मेदारियां भी थी, राष्ट्रीय कोषाध्यक्ष थे बाद में मंत्री बने| तो specifically अरुण जेटली जी जिनको मैं एक प्रकार से अपना mentor भी मानता हूँ, वित्त मंत्री जी, उन्होंने मुझे बुलाकर बोला कि तू बहुत outgoing और outspoken है तो तू better अपनी फैक्ट्री संभाल बॉम्बे जाकर और दिल्ली में मत घूम इधर किधर कोई लोग misunderstand करेंगे, तो he actually made sure that I withdrew during the period we were in government. And my father was active in Delhi politics, my mother in those days was an MLA in Mumbai. She’s been an MLA 15 years, वह हारी नहीं, retire हुईं क्योंकि भारतीय जनता पार्टी में यह भी एक विशेषता है कि लोग स्वयं से अपनी सीख छोड़ते हैं, छोड़ते हुए यह इंसिस्ट करते हैं कि मेरे परिवार से कोई लड़ेगा नहीं उसपर, पार्टी का कोई कार्यकर्ता लड़कर आगे आये जिसने इतने वर्ष उस एरिया में काम किया हो|
और उनके 15 वर्ष एमएलए होने के बावजूद मैंने मंत्रालय कभी नहीं देखा उस 15 वर्ष में जो सेक्रेटेरिएट है या मंत्रालय है मुंबई में महाराष्ट्र सरकार का| My mother retired in 2004 after her 3 terms, my father’s term in Rajya Sabha got over in 2008, और उसी वर्ष 2008 के अंत में उनका देहांत भी हो गया| So, both were out of active politics before I got a chance to come to Delhi in 2010, why I say this is कि अगर कुछ मम्मी-पापा के रहते हुए मिला होता कि MP गए, MLA बन गए तो मैं समझ सकता हूँ कि कोई कहे विरासत में राजनीति मिली है| My mother had retired in 2004, she is an ordinary social worker in her area, local area. अब तो स्वास्थ्य के कारण वह भी कम हो गया| My father passed away in 2008, it was only in 2010 कि मुझे दिल्ली बुलाया गया, कोषाध्यक्ष के नाते काम करने के लिए फिर सांसद बनाया गया|
पर यह मैं कोई अपनी कहानी सुनाने के लिए नहीं बोल रहा हूँ, यह इसलिए बता रहा हूँ कि देश की राजनीति कैसी होनी चाहिए, अब कोई गुनाह नहीं है कि कोई राजनीतिक परिवार से कोई इंटरेस्ट ले| यहाँ पर भी कई CAs होंगे जिनके परिवार में कोई और पहले CA रहा होगा, या businessmen की family में कोई व्यक्ति business में इंटरेस्ट लेता है लेकिन क्या आपका लड़का सीधा उसको CA का certificate मिल सकता है या उसको कोई rank मिल सकता है क्योंकि वह आपका लड़का है या उसको पूरी क्षमता से अपना काम करना पड़ेगा, exam देना पड़ेगा| और ultimately clients भी आजके दिन क्योंकि आपका लड़का है इसलिए आप उसको काम नहीं देगी, उसकी क्षमता देखेगी और अगर अच्छा नहीं हुआ तो change कर देगी CA.
मुझे लगता है राजनीति में भी अभी लगभग इस प्रकार की सोच जितनी ज्यादा बढ़ेगी और परिवारवाद, वंशवाद जितना कम होगा उतना देश का भी हित होगा, लोगों की दिलचस्पी और बढ़ेगी, अच्छे लोगों की राजनीति में आने के लिए| और जैसे आप लोगों ने मुझे बहुत सारे demands दिए, मैं भी आपको आज बातचीत के बीच कुछ demands रखने वाला हूँ जिसमें पहली डिमांड यह है कि हम राजनीति और राजनीतिज्ञों को गाली तो बहुत देते हैं लेकिन वह अधिकार तब हमें मिलेगा जब अच्छे लोग भी राजनीति में आने के लिए, समय देने के लिए, मेहनत करने के लिए तैयार होंगे, तब तक हमें वह अधिकार नहीं है जब तक हम तो घर बैठे हैं, हमारी ज़िम्मेदारी कुछ नहीं है वह ज़िम्मेदारी सरोज जी की है या रमेश जी की है या मेरी है, यह नहीं चल सकता| अच्छे लोग राजनीति में जितने ज्यादा आयेंगे, जितना एक्टिव इंटरेस्ट लेंगे|
मुझे याद है एक बार मैं विदेश में था एक इलेक्शन चल रहा था, I flew down to India only to cast my vote and went back. यह consciousness हमें देश में लानी पड़ेगी कि हमारे एक-एक का वोट, वैसे तो राजस्थान के चुनाव के बाद अब यह किसी को सिखाने की ज़रूरत नहीं है, बनते-बनते मुख्यमंत्री जी हार गए, एक वोट से, सीपी जोशी जी| और उन्होंने अपनी पत्नी को वह जा रही थी दोपहर को वोट डालने, उनको रोक दिया कि अरे यह तो मैं जीता पड़ा हूँ छोड़, अब इतनी गर्मी में कहाँ जाएगी| और he was the natural choice to be the Chief Minister in 2008. तो आप कह रहे हो सबने वोट डालने नहीं जाना चाहिए?
पर एक चीज़ बोल दूं रमेश जी, आप देश के 29 मुख्यमंत्रियों को choice दे दो कि मुख्यमंत्री बनना है या केंद्र में मंत्री? वह 29 के 29 मुख्यमंत्री बनना चाहेंगे, कोई केंद्र में नहीं आएगा| मुझे छोडकर, मुझे प्रदेश की राजनीति में कभी नहीं जाना और सरोज जी वह जानती है अच्छी तरीके से| खैर, I just wanted to clarify that because I genuinely believe कि हम सबको अपने-अपने दायित्व में काम करके क्षमता पर, अपने बल पर, अपनी काबिलियत पर आगे आना चाहिए, certainly मेरा CA का result तो विरासत में नहीं मिला था, और कुछ हो न हो| और मेरे परिवार में मैं पहला CA हूँ, और कोई CA नहीं है मेरे पर|
आज दो-तीन और संजोग से इंटरेस्टिंग बातें हैं जिससे मेरी कुछ यादें ताज़ा हो गयी इसलिए मैं ज़िक्र करूँगा, मैडम ने accrual accounting की बात की और मुझे याद आया कि मैंने 2012 का शायद प्रणब दा का आखिरी बजट 2012 में था, करेक्ट, तो 2012 के बजट का जो rebuttal करना होता है to start the debate in Rajya Sabha वह पार्टी ने मुझे मौका दिया कि मैं lead करूँ debate को in the Rajya Sabha, उसमें मैंने राज्य सभा में और it would be on the record, you can find it out, उसमें मैंने राज्य सभा में अपने भाषण में यह रखा था कि पूरी सरकार को अब accrual accounting में जाना चाहिए तब असली picture भी आएगी और एक प्रकार से हम CAs को जो भलीभांति जानकारी है, tax terrorism भी ख़त्म होगा| तो मार्च में उठकर वह आयेंगे नहीं हमारे clients के पास कि भाई पैसा भर दो अप्रैल में आपको refund दे देंगे और यह उदाहरण देकर मैंने कहा था कि अब accrual system सरकार को भी adopt करना चाहिए|
और आपको जानकर ख़ुशी होगी कि जब मैंने, मैंने तो भाषण शुरुआत का दिया फिर पूरी डिबेट चली, end में जब प्रणब दा ने रिप्लाई दिया उसमें उन्होंने इसका ज़िक्र किया कि यह बात पर विचार करने की आवश्यकता है कि अब सरकार ने accrual system में जाना चाहिए और जब debate ख़त्म हुई तो he actually caught my hand, मैं उनके पास गया धन्यवाद करने तो he caught my hand और अपने रूम तक लेकर गए discussing accrual system of accounting.
By the way, मैंने जब रेल मंत्रालय का भार लिया तो I have already taken a review, I am told काफी कुछ चल रहा है Finance Ministry, Railway के Financial Controller Mr Mahopatra और फिर मैंने निलेश विक्रम सिंह से भी बात की थी कि हमारा CA Institute ज़रा और तेज़ गति दे|
बहुत बढ़िया, 4,25,000 करोड़ तो book value at that point of time, आज की वैल्यू लें तो 20 लाख करोड़ हो जाएगी शायद इसके एसेट्स और वास्तव में 20 लाख करोड़ with no cost of depreciation or anything of significance तो इसलिए रेलवे में अब सुधार और efficiency बढ़ाने की कितनी संभावना है उसका आप लोग अंदाजा लगा सकते हो| We really have miles to go in the railways before we can really feel that it’s become a powerhouse of the economy and an efficient service provider for the people of India.
एक NFRA का ज़िक्र करते हुए आपने multiplicity of regulators की बात कही, उससे याद आया दूसरी डिबेट राज्य सभा की, actually दूसरी, this was my first debate जो maiden speech एक बोलते हैं| तो मैं नया-नया मंत्री बना था शायद जुलाई 2010 में, sorry MP बना था, सांसद बना जुलाई 2010 में, मेरा दूसरा या तीसरा ही दिन था हाउस में तो माया सिंह जी हमारी whip हुआ करती थी अभी मंत्री है मध्य प्रदेश में| वह आईं कि पीयूष जी आपको यह बिल आ रहा है इसपर बोलना है, मैंने कहा मेरे को तो अभी 2 दिन हुए हैं, मुझे तो कुछ parliamentary practices वगैरा कुछ नहीं मालूम है, she said तो सीख लो| और बिल था, आपको याद होगा IRDA और SEBI का झगड़ा| If you recall, शायद SEBI ने कुछ insurance companies के ऊपर penalties लगायी थी, भावे के टाइम पर या किसके टाइम पर, 2009 या 2010 में, तो multiplicity of regulators दोनों के बीच झगड़ा चल रहा था SEBI और IRDA, उसको resolve करने के लिए प्रणब दा ही तभी मंत्री थे, Finance Minister, तो उन्होंने यह बिल पार्लियामेंट में introduce किया था to give all those powers back to IRDA and get SEBI out of it.
मेरी maiden speech, of course, मैं थोड़ा लम्बा बोलता हूँ तो उसके लिए आप भी मुझे क्षमा कर देना, 49 minutes I spoke that day in the house, my wife has threatened me after that कि तुम इतना लम्बा-लम्बा बोलोगे तो सब लोग चले जायेंगे, Chairman और तुम दो ही लोग रह जाओगे हाउस में| But that was my maiden speech on multiplicity of regulators and the whole thrust was this only what you have put up in NFRA. Of course, the counterpoint in our case is कि थोड़ा CAs ने भी अपने अंतर्गह में झांकना पड़ेगा|
देखिए प्रधानमंत्री जी ने जो बात उस दिन कही पहली जुलाई को हो सकता है कुछ लोगों को ठेस भी पहुंची हो, अच्छी नहीं लगी हो लेकिन थोड़ा बहुत तो हमको अपने अन्दर देखना पड़ेगा| देखिए अपने देश की पहचान क्या बनी है विश्व में, विश्व को छोड़ो, आपकी और मेरे अन्दर क्या बनी है अपने देश की पहचान? एक देश जहाँ पर टैक्स की चोरी करना कोई गुनाह नहीं मानता है, हम सोचते हैं हमारा अधिकार है, हमारा धर्म है कि टैक्स की चोरी करनी है, कितना बहीखाते में अकाउंट बुक्स में बिज़नेस दिखाना, कितना नहीं दिखाना, हमारे लिए उसमें कोई, हमने कोई गुनाह किया है ऐसा तो कोई फील ही नहीं होता है| It is a part of our routine working, income पर कितनी income पर टैक्स देना वह reverse calculation से शुरू होता है|
मैं कुछ नया नहीं बोल रहा हूँ भाई साहब, मैं practicing CA कभी नहीं रहा, माल किधर दूसरी जगह जाता है तो check post पर चेक होकर record हुआ या रिश्वत से निकल गया और पहुँच गया उसके बाद determine होता है कि invoice enter होगा या वह नंबर फ़ोन पर वापिस दे दिया जायेगा कि नयी बिल्टी, नया invoice बन सकता है उसी नंबर का|
यह सब चीज़ें हम सबके लिए कोई नयी नहीं हैं, और accounts यह सबके हमने ही certify किये हैं, कोई बाहर वाले ने तो आकर नहीं certify किये| तो कई बार demand आती है ICWA की, CS की उनको भी skills हैं, उनको भी audit allow किया जाये, तो हमारा तो profession एकदम आग निकल जाती है कि कैसे और कोई audit certify करेगा CAs छोड़कर, we are the only authorized people. यह regulator की बात आनी पड़ी इस देश में NFRA के माध्यम से, क्या इसमें हमारी भी कोई ज़िम्मेदारी है, अगर हमारे देश में हमने इतना अच्छा काम किया होता तो आज 2 लाख शैल कम्पनीज नहीं होती, वह शैल कम्पनीज में 1000-5000 रुपये के एक-एक शेयर जीरो-बेस कंपनी में बिककर कैपिटल नहीं क्रिएट होता|
अगर पॉवर प्लांट एक 4 करोड़ का लग रहा है और हमारे दूसरे क्लाइंट का 6 करोड़ का लग रहा है तो हम red flag करते हैं| I am sorry, you may not like what I am saying, पर प्रधानमंत्री जी यही बात कर रहे थे कि क्या हम सब सामूहिक रूप से यह नहीं चाहते कि देश ईमानदार हो, इस देश की छवि एक ईमानदार देश की छवि बने, भारत में भी विदेश में भी, पूरी दुनिया आखिर वहां बिज़नेस करना चाहती है जहाँ उनको लगता है कि हमारी investment protect होगी, हम telecom company में इन्वेस्ट करें और बाद में supreme court को उसके license cancel करने पड़ जायें क्योंकि सस्ते में लगभग मुफ्त में वह spectrum दिया गया था without due process और विदेशी investor के एक-एक billion dollar, 600-700 million dollar एक-एक के व्यर्थ हो जायें, कोर्ट-कचहरी में फस जायें तो कौन इस देश में invest करने आएगा? कोयले की खदान अगर मुफ्त में भाई, भतीजे, MPs, रिश्तेदारों को बांटी जाएँगी without due process जिसको फिर सुप्रीम कोर्ट को कैंसिल करना पड़ जाये| कई बार कोर्ट जब निर्णय लेता है वह तो सभी के लिए एक जैसा लेता है, स्वाभाविक है कि 204 allotment तो सब फर्जी नहीं थे या बेईमानी से नहीं लिए गए थे, कुछ ईमानदार allotments भी होंगे उसमें, कई सरकारी allotments को कैंसिल करना पड़ गया कोर्ट को, सरकारी कंपनियों को| तो उन सबने भी suffer किया ना क्योंकि कुछ लोगों ने बेईमानी की, suffer सबने किया|
आज GST को ले लीजिये, बहुत परेशानी हो रही है आप सबको? परेशानी हो रही हैना? सिस्टम बड़ा complicated लग रहा है, सिस्टम crash हो जाता है overload के कारण वगैरा वगैरा, यह क्यों करना पड़ा? Let us think about it. मुझे याद है मैं, I am referring to 90s, कम से कम 26-27 साल पहले की बात कर रहा हूँ, UK में मैं VAT return भरता था, it was a plain piece of paper, just a plain piece of paper, मतलब no need to even have your letter head for them. आप अपना नाम कंपनी का, registration number लिखो और मैं क्या लिखता था और अपने हाथ से लिखता था क्योंकि मेरे को typing आती नहीं थी, तब computers इतने ज्यादा थे नहीं| MSME, छोटी कंपनी थी – total sales so much, less exports so much, net domestic sales, less purchases so much, क्योंकि purchase चाहे export के लिए खरीदी हो या domestic, सभी पर आपको refund मिलना है, तो net value added और उसके ऊपर तभी 17.5% होता था आजकल शायद 20 या 22 है UK में, I don’t recall… तब 17.5 होता था 90s में, बस total पर 17.5 कैलकुलेट करते थे, cheque बनाते थे, तब RTGS नहीं था, clip it, envelope में डालकर post कर दो, chapter is over.
हम सबको यही चाहिए था ना? सरकार दे दे ऐसा तो आपको क्या लगता है टैक्स revenue आधा हो जायेगा या उससे भी कम हो जायेगा? ख़त्म ही हो जायेगा? डबल होगा जब हम सब अपना काम ईमानदारी से करने के लिए तैयार हो जायें, जब हम सब यह तय कर लें कि न मैं रिश्वत दूंगा और न मैं दलाल बनूँगा दूसरों को रिश्वत देने के लिए| I am sorry I am speaking a litte…..
और बताऊँ जब प्रधानमंत्री ने यह पहली जुलाई को यह कहा हमारे जो seniors थे CAs वह तो VIPs नीचे बैठे हुए थे सब और जितने CA students थे वह चारों तरफ stadium में बैठे हुए थे| जितनी बार उन्होंने ईमानदारी की बात की, जितनी बार उन्होंने कहा कि हमको अब यह व्यवस्थाएं बदलनी है तो CAs जो नीचे बैठे थे और हमारे सब Central Council Member तो और नाराज़ होते जा रहे थे, बाद में निलेश ने आकर मेरे से झगड़ा भी किया वैसे आपके बिहाल्फ़ पर, लेकिन students में जो उत्साह था न चारों तरफ that was to be seen to be believed, क्योंकि इस देश की जो युवा पीढ़ी है वह यह व्यवस्था बदलना चाहती है| युवा पीढ़ी नहीं चाहती है कि जैसे बाप-दादा ने व्यापार किया, profession किया हम भी उसी तरीके से करें, उनको बदलाव चाहिए, उनको रात को अपना आराम से चैन की नींद चाहिए, सुबह टेंशन नहीं चाहिए, पार्टी जाना है रात को, एन्जॉय करना है| सुबह का यह टेंशन नहीं चाहिए कि रेड होगी कोई चेक करने आएगा, फलाना ढीमका|
और मेरा यह अनुभव ज्वेलरी के ऊपर जब एक्साइज लगा जिसका आपने शायद ज़िक्र किया थोड़ा सा तब मुझे इंटरैक्ट करने का मौका मिला jewellers और गोल्ड ट्रेड के साथ और एकदम गुस्से में थे, कई हफ़्तों की स्ट्राइक्स करके बैठे थे, किसी हालत में हम टैक्स नहीं देंगे| तो मैं चर्चा करता था सबके साथ, जितने सेशंस और मैंने कई बार तो 8-8, 10-10 घंटे उनके साथ सेशंस चले to resolve और फाइनली वह टैक्स लगा, एक्साइज ड्यूटी लगी, उनको तैयार किया और वित्त मंत्री, प्रधानमंत्री कहते रहे हम आपको एक प्रकार से तैयार कर रहे हैं for seamless transition to GST.
और आप देखिए इस बार एक भी गोल्ड, ज्वेलर, व्यापारी उस ट्रेड का, एक वर्ड किसी ने नहीं बोला, इतना स्मूथ ट्रांजीशन हुआ उनका| लेकिन उन दिनों भी जब मैं यह बात करता था भाई एक्साइज ड्यूटी आई है तो आप अपने व्यापार को क्लीन-अप करो, एक मौका मिला है, पुरानी बातें हम पूछेंगे नहीं, और हमने किसी को पुराना नहीं पूछा| अगर किसी ज्वेलर का सेल 10 करोड़ से 100 करोड़ भी हो गया है किसी को नहीं पूछा गया है कि 10 का 100 हो गया है तो पहले के भी 5 साल खोलकर 80 करोड़ और 90 करोड़ पर टैक्स भरो| ठीक है, अब पुरानी रात गयी, बात गयी, आगे के लिए ईमानदार व्यवस्था से जुडो|
और उन्ही सेशंस में जो सीनियर लोग थे, जो काउंसिल के Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council वगैरा जो एक प्रकार से union leaders थे उस ट्रेड के वह तो बड़े मेरे साथ झगड़ा करते थे उनके जितने youngsters, बच्चे थे या नयी पीढ़ी थी उनको मैं हॉल में देखता था तो वह सब nod कर रहे होते थे हाँ ठीक बोल रहा है| तो व्यवस्थाओं को बदलना पड़ेगा और actually मेरा तो थोड़ा नाराज़गी भी है, दुःख भी है, मैं यह बात 8-10 सालों से कर रहा हूँ कि अगर सिर्फ और सिर्फ आप और हम, हमारा प्रोफेशन, only the chartered accountants of this country, हम कितने हैं, 3-1 लाख हैं? 2,75,000, कोई इतना बड़ा तो मुश्किल नहीं है, 10-12 लाख स्टूडेंट्स हैं हमारे| सिर्फ 2,75,000 CAs यह प्रण ले लें कि हम एक रुपये के गलत बैलेंस शीट पर साइन नहीं करेंगे, हम किसी को हेल्प नहीं करेंगे टैक्स चोरी करने के लिए| I don’t mind tax planning, if there is an exemption you are eligible for, आप लीजिये कोई रोक नहीं रहे हैं, आप हेल्प करिए अपने assessee को to plan his finances better, कुछ allowances मिलते हैं, accelerated depreciation मिलती है, करिए न, उसी के लिए दिया जाता है, (inaudible) benefit है affordable housing, लीजिये|
But just if you and I, we all CAs, decide कि हम गलत काम में क्लाइंट को हेल्प नहीं करेंगे, चाहे क्लाइंट चले जाये और क्लाइंट जायेगा तो अगला CA भी उसको यही बोलेगा कि नहीं, मैं यह नहीं करने वाला हूँ| फिर आप मुझे बोलोगे अब काया करें, वह करता है, दूसरा बिगड़ता है, तो फिर आपकी ज़िम्मेदारी आ जाती है जिसके लिए NFRA लाया जा रहा है, फिर आप एक्शन लो ऐसे CAs के ऊपर| फिर क्या बात है कि इतने सालों में हमने हार्डली कुछ चंद ही केसेस में एक्शन लिया है, यह 2 लाख शैल कम्पनीज के ऑडिटर सब इतने दूध के धुले हैं, हँसने का तो अधिकार मुझे भी नहीं है, आपको भी नहीं है क्योंकि हमने कितने ऐसे काम किये होंगे मुझे भी नहीं याद है| We are all in it together.
But कभी-कभी लाइफ में एक मौका आता है और वास्त में देखो तो इतिहास में भी कभी-कभी ऐसा कोई नेता आता है जो इतनी सख्ती से बदलाव या ट्रांसफॉर्मेशन के लिए काम करने के लिए तैयार होता है| कई लोग मज़ाक भी उड़ाते हैं, कई लोग इस विषय को लाइटली लेते हैं, काफी लोग 8 तारीख को डरे हुए थे कि पता नहीं मोदी जी वापिस 8 बजे टीवी पर न आ जायें| मैंने तो मेरी वाइफ को कहा था कि आयें तो अच्छा ही है, क्योंकि हमें यह लगातार एक मौका मिला है, अगर यह मौके पर हम चूक गए तो बार-बार ऐसा मौका देश को नहीं मिलेगा| और यह एक बार यह लड़ाई लड़ी है कि हम देश को साफ़ करें, देश के काम करने की पद्धति को बदलें, देश को एक ईमानदार छवि दें देश में, विश्व में, नयी पीढ़ी को यह शिक्षा दें कि भाई हमको गलत काम नहीं करना है, तो वास्तव में टैक्स रेट्स कम हो सकते हैं on a wider base ज्यादा अधिक लोगों के ऊपर tax का burden divide हो सकता है, higher tax collection से वास्तव में जो सरकार की जिम्मेदारियां है देश में विकास करने की, प्रगति करने की, गरीबों के जीवन को बदलने की, उसपर हम ज्यादा बल दे सकते हैं, फोकस कर सकते हैं|
और यह बड़ा वीक बहाना है कि हम क्या करें वह तो सरकारी अफसर corrupt हैं, हम क्या करें वह तो politicians corrupt हैं| आप अंतर्गह में अपने देखकर विचार करिए, जिस दिन 2,75,000 CAs यह बात तय कर लें, I promise you we can bring an end to corruption, to black marketeering, to black money. Just 2,75,000 chartered accountants alone, हम में इतनी ताकत है, जो गलत काम कर रहा है उसके लिए हम whistleblower बनें, एक्शन लें, excuses निकालना हम सबके लिए possible है| मुझे भी जब मंत्री बना तो बहुत कारण थे excuse देने के कि भाई कोयले की प्रोडक्शन तो जो है सो है, इतने सालों से है, हर साल 1.5% बढ़ती थी, मैं 2.5% बढ़ाके बोल सकता था या 3% बढ़ाकर कि मैंने पहले के रेट से डबल कर दिया| Statistics में तो हम CAs masters ही होते हैं ना, कैसे प्रेजेंट करना अपने केस को, फालतू काम भी करें तो हम उसको अच्छा दिखाने में हमारी expertise है, और फिर पार्टी में टीवी पर अर्नब गोस्वामी के साथ 10-12 डिबेट कर लो उसके बाद तो 100% ही expertise आ जाएगी|
तो आंकड़ों के तो हम खिलाड़ी हैं, पर क्या उन आंकड़ों से जनता को चौबीस घंटे बिजली मिल सकती थी क्या? या देश में कोयले का इम्पोर्ट कम हो सकता था क्या? सवाल आंकड़ों का नहीं है, सवाल आउटकम का है? मैं जितनी रेलवे की zones review करता हूँ, आज भी यहाँ रेल के एक अधिकारी हैं, कौन हैं? आप हैं, I have just reviewed his zone’s performance, you were there in that? You were here. अब आंकड़े तो हर जना जिसको मिलो बताता है 86, 90, 95% punctuality, मैं भी हैरान हूँ कि अगर रेलवेज इतना अच्छा काम कर रही हो तो इतनी रोज़ गाली क्यों खाने को मिलती है, रोज़ क्यों रात को, रोज़ तो नहीं अभी कम हो गया है, पर पहले हफ्ता जब रेल मंत्री था तो हफ्ते में 3 दिन रात को 2 बजे, 3 बजे, 4 बजे उठना पड़ा कोई न कोई समस्या लेकर|
पर देश आंकड़ों से नहीं चलता है, वह फिर मालूम पड़ा उनका कैलकुलेशन का एक बड़ा यूनीक तरीका है, अभी उसको बदलने में लगा हुआ हूँ| वह तरीका भी बड़ा इंटरेस्टिंग है, देखिए कैसे देश, देश में कितनी चीज़ें बदलने की ज़रूरत है, तरीका क्या है कि हमारे 17 ज़ोन्स हैं, गाड़ी 2-3 ज़ोन्स में गुज़रती है, तो northern railway से किधर North East में गयी, North East से East में गयी है, तो मेरे ज़ोन में कितना लेट अन्दर आई और मेरे ज़ोन से निकलते हुए अगर उसी band के अन्दर उतनी लेट, मतलब एक घंटा लेट आई तो 59 minutes या 60 minutes तक अगर लेट निकली तो मेरी तो 100% punctuality है| Is that right? That’s how you calculate it?
मतलब Indian Railways as one entity तो कोई सोचता ही नहीं है या passenger के दुःख-सुख की तो कोई चिंता ही नहीं, मेरे तो आंकड़े ठीक होने चाहिए| तो मेरे ज़ोन में 20 स्टेशन से गुज़री, 20 स्टेशन में लोगों ने कोसा, 20 जगह लेट हुई पर my performance is 100%. वह तो दिल्ली से निकलने में एक घंटा लेट निकली, पहुंची एक घंटा लेट, रास्ते में 100% punctuality थी| देश को हर उस मोड़ को बदलना है जो विरासत में देश को मिला है| और NFRA लगे, न लगे, बने, न बने, इसपर फोकस करने के बदले अगर हम outcomes पर फोकस करे ना मैडम तो मुझे लगता है बहुत सारी चीज़ों से हमको छुटकारा और सहूलियत मिल सकती है|
आज GST भी इस चक्कर में, आखिर GST क्या है? GST कोई केंद्र सरकार या मोदी जी या अरुण जी ने नहीं बनाया, 29 state Ministers केंद्र सरकार के साथ बैठकर अपनी सबकी wisdom लगाकर GST बना, अब जब इतने अधिकारी, इतने मंत्री, इतना सब व्यवस्था बैठी तो एक-एक ने अपने अनुभव बताये कि भाई इस तरीके से मेरे यहाँ चोरी होती है, दूसरे ने बताया मेरे यहाँ तो इस तरीके से cheat करते हैं, तीसरे ने बताया मेरे ऑडिट में तो यह निकला, चौथे ने बताया कि investigation raid हुई थी तो यह मालूम पड़ा| अब वह सब चीज़ें बचाने के चक्कर में, to capture all these potential leakages, we have landed up with such a system जिसमें आज आपको भी, आपके clients को सबको तकलीफ हो रही है|
मैं इसलिए यह बात कह रहा हूँ कि हम अपनी ज़िम्मेदारी से भागे न, सोचें कि यह जो परिस्थिति आई है इसमें हमारी क्या ज़िम्मेदारी है| आखिर व्यवस्था ऐसी क्रिएट करने की कोशिश की जा रही है कि चोरी न हो| मुझे याद है यह matching of invoices शुरू-शुरू में मैंने भी कहा यह तो बड़ा complicate हो जायेगा, पर हमें और कोई रास्ता नहीं दिख रहा था कि यह जो suitcase companies घूमती हैं बिल बेचते-बेचते, आपमें से कोई है जिसको नहीं मालूम है इसके बारे में, कुछ और समझाने की आवश्यकता है? भाई साहब अगर आपको नहीं मालूम है और आप chartered accountant हैं| You don’t know what a suitcase company with invoice book is?
तो उसको रोकेंगे कैसे? वह तो disappear ऐसे हो जाते हैं कि बाद में नाम और निशान ही नहीं मिलता है, invoice के इलावा कुछ नहीं रहता है उधर| और ऐसे करते-करते एक-एक चीज़, एक-एक चीज़, फिर एक वह आया था कि paid होगा जब tax तब क्रेडिट मिलेगा, वह भी था ना? शुरू में, अभी चेंज किया है कि नहीं? हमारी इक्षा है चेंज करने की पर प्रॉब्लम फिर वही आ जाती है कि टैक्स जिसको भरना चाहिए वह भरता नहीं है और फिर जो innocent purchaser है वह फसता है| मैंने हसमुख अधिया जी को कहा कि यार लेकिन इतना complicate हो जायेगा, बोला शुरू में थोड़ा समय लगेगा complicate, बाद में rating हो जाएगी कौन लोग ऐसे टैक्स नहीं भर रहे हैं टाइम पर तो purchasers अपने आप देख लेंगे rating में कि इससे माल खरीदूं कि नहीं खरीदूं और अच्छे व्यापारियों का धंधा और बढ़ेगा और जो problems करते हैं, टैक्स टाइम पर नहीं भरते हैं या कई बार नहीं भरते हैं उनका धंधा ख़त्म होगा|
सबसे ज्यादा जो आवाज़ हो रही है जीएसटी की सॉफ्टवेर में सुधार करना है, सिमप्लिफ्य करना है प्रोसेस, उसमें हमारी सबकी एक ही राय है, हम भी चाहते हैं सिमप्लिफ्य करना, पर उसके साथ हमारे ऊपर रेस्पोंसिबिलिटी भी बढ़ जाती है| You know there is a saying which says, पता नहीं किसका है मुझे नाम याद नहीं है – ‘with greater power comes greater responsibility. आप चाहते हो आपको पॉवर मिले कि यह सरला हो जाये सब कुछ और अपने आप चेक करके और accounts बना लें और accounts के हिसाब से आप क्रेडिट ले सकें| You want the power of taking credit yourself, like madam wants the power of regulating the CA profession with the institute only, not by a third party. पर पॉवर के साथ फिर रेस्पोंसिबिलिटी भी तो लेनी पड़ेगी ना, क्या हम CAs तैयार हैं, इतनी बड़ी-बड़ी बातें करते हैं, इतना memorandum लिखते हैं कि अगर हम यह सब सिमप्लिफ्य कर दें और आप ऑडिट करके हमें certify कर दोगे, उसके बाद अगर वह टैक्स नहीं पे करता है तो क्या हम ज़िम्मेदारी लेने को तैयार हैं CAs? सोचकर ज़रा बात करके एक CA institute से चिट्ठी लिखवा देना मुझे|
We need greater power, we should take more responsibility. तो जितने यह 2,10,000 shell companies बंद हुई हैं उसमें हो सकता है कुछ genuine भी हुई होगी क्योंकि वह तो मापदंड एक computer programme से निकला हिया, पर 10,000-20,000-35,000, कुछ तो होंगी, 35,000 तो लगभग confirmed ही है, उन सबके CAs पर CA institute क्या action लेता है उसके बाद NFRA की बातचीत करते हैं| और कितना fast लेता है और कितना strict लेता है, तब मालूम पड़ेगा कि हम कितना serious हैं बदलाव लाने के लिए और हम कितने committed हैं और कितनी हिम्मत है हम में, क्योंकि मोदी जी ने तो हिम्मत दिखादी, जो बदलाव बोला वह किया चाहे वह benami transaction, benami properties को 28 साल बाद notify किया, 28 साल में तो सरकारों ने सिर्फ एक कानून बनाकर भ्रमित किया लोगों को कि हम action लेने वाले हैं|
Demonetization के ऊपर तो मैं एक 2-3 घंटे का भाषण दे सकता हूँ| कुछ लोग सोचते हैं कि पैसा आ गया तो जैसे demonetization fail हो गयी, और कुछ super-smart लोग.. पता नहीं मैंने अच्छा है, मेरी लड़की भी Oxford जाना चाह रही थी पढ़ने, she got admission there in Oxford-Cambridge वाला एक sister institution से| तो मैंने Cambridge-Oxford के alumni देखे, एक बहुत senior political leader हैं जो विरासत का लीडर है, एक पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री भी वहीँ से हैं, वह तो Oxford से ही हैं, अर्थशास्त्री हैं बहुत ही विद्वान हैं| हम पर आरोप लगाते हैं organized loot, पता नहीं 2G और Coalgate लाखों करोड़ की corruption तो unorganized loot होगी शायद, probably हाँ, हाँ गलती कर दी, वह unorganized loot की होगी| तो उनको लगता है कि देश को ईमानदार बनाने की कोशिश करो तो वह गलत है|
तो मैंने तो अपनी लड़की को कहा भाई अमेरिका में पढ़ो, यहाँ मत जाओ, यहाँ पर सीखकर आओगे कैसे… और अर्थशास्त्र तो वैसे बताता है कि अगर पैसा बैंक में आएगा तो उसका सोर्स ट्रेस होगा, there will be a name, an identity, an address to that money. फिर सिर्फ वह पैसा ही टैक्स नहीं होगा, उसके आगे पीछे उस अकाउंट में क्या हुआ वह भी सामने आया| तो कई लोग जो सोचते थे कि पैसा नहीं आता तो फायदा होता| I sometimes wonder कि उनको कितनी कम समझ है अर्थशास्त्र की, समझो उदाहरण के लिए एक लाख करोड़ नहीं आता, यह 500-1000 के नोट| पहले बात तो जिसके भी पास वह थी उनकी आइडेंटिटी मालूम ही नहीं पड़ती तो कौन यह hoard करके बैठा था 6 लाख करोड़| I am sure you are all aware 6 लाख करोड़ RBI अनुमान लगाया था कभी banking system में आता था बड़े notes का, वह serial numbers, you know they monitor the serial number as the money rotates, they indicated 6 लाख करोड़ के serial number ऐसे हैं जो कभी banking system में आते ही नहीं है, वह गड्डी की गड्डी गायब है, अब सब आ गए बाहर| तो अब वह सबके ऊपर एक name and address, otherwise किसके घर में पड़ा रहता समझो तो वह बचा रहता उसका नाम ही नहीं मालूम पड़ता किसके पास यह पैसा था| अब data mining से you can actually trace where that money came from, originated from.
और अगर 1 लाख करोड़ का व्यक्ति पैसा नहीं डालता या 25-50,000, लाख, 2 लाख लोग नहीं डालते पैसा तो उनके बाकी जो कारनामे हैं उस अकाउंट में जो अब मिलेंगे वह भी कभी सामने नहीं आते| आखिर यह शैल कम्पनीज की जो इतनी बड़ी तीव्र जानकारी मिली क्योंकि many of them were used to try and convert the SD special, what are they called? Demonetised notes of 500 and 100? SBNs (Specified Bank Notes), उसमें डिपाजिट होकर ट्रान्सफर होकर किधर भेजने की कोशिश की उसी से तो ट्रेस हुए ना यह, 35,000 कंपनियां जो भी निकली हैं| साढ़े तीन लाख करोड़ के डिपॉजिट्स पर छानबीन चल रही है – 3,68,000 करोड़|
So, of course, as I said, demonetization के तो अनेक ही अनेक लाभ मिले हैं देश को, एक बात आपने कही थी about railways में registration simplify करने की बात कही, आपको जानकर ख़ुशी होगी that was one of my first agendas, also because of my experience. मैंने अपने जीवन की शुरुआत एक फैक्ट्री लगाकर की थी मुंबई में, forgings बनाते थे जो railways में बहुत लगती हैं, अब तो कान पकड़े हैं लाइफ में कभी railways और defence को नहीं supply करेंगे, और तभी कर लिया था, पता नहीं था मंत्री बन जायेंगे| और अब तो वैसे भी नहीं सप्लाई कर सकता हूँ, conflict हो गया है| तो मैंने भी RDSO के बड़े धक्के खाए और DRDO के भी, और दोनों जगह असफल रहा क्योंकि पिताजी ने रिश्वत देने की विरासत नहीं दी|
तो आते ही अभी RDSO में कुछ सुधार, बदलाव करने की शुरुआत की है, कुछ लोगों ने देखा होगा, बड़ा advertisement आया है RDSO ने invite किया है जितने लोग नए रजिस्टर होना चाहते हैं कोई भी प्रोडक्ट के लिए| और उन्होंने actually एक sample products भी बहुत सारे list out करके, public advertisements हैं नहीं तो RDSO website पर आप लोग जाकर देख सकते हैं| We have opened up RDSO for new registration of every product that the railways requires, everyone of them. फिर वह चाहे पानी क्यों न हो या Wall clock क्यों न हो या wheel क्यों न हो, या bogey क्यों न हो, या locomotiveक्यों न हो| RDSO will now be open 365 days in a year for new registration of products that the railways requires in a time bound manner, they will have to either approve or reject the product, reject करेंगे तो reasons in writing देकर reject करेंगे और यह सब डेटा जैसा मैडम ने कहा एक app के माध्यम से अभी वेबसाइट है, वेबसाइट पर डाला जायेगा, तो whole world और मेरे मीडिया के बंधु जो यहाँ हैं they can monitor the work of RDSO. और अगर कोई बेईमानी होती है, कोई मांगता है, रिश्वत मांगने का तो ढंग यही है कि परेशान करो, approve मत करो या फ़र्ज़ी रीज़न देकर रिजेक्ट करो| तो पब्लिक में आएगा तो प्रेस, पब्लिक, जो भी भुगतान कर रहा है जिसका काम नहीं हो रहा है उन सबको जानकारियां होंगी तो we can take action on it.
तो भिलाई के जितने आपके उद्योग जगत के लोग हैं सबको बताइये, RDSO is not only open for business, railways is hungry for new suppliers. Cartels बने हुए हैं कुछ items के वह आहिस्ते-आहिस्ते मुझे समझ में आ रहा है, मेरा लॉजिक है कि हर चीज़ में इतने ज्यादा suppliers कर दो कि cartel ना बन पाए और हर चीज़ का surplus इतना कर दो कि price competition में देश को अच्छी क्वालिटी सस्ते दाम पर मिलने की सुविधा हो जाये that is the effort I am trying to do, आपको कुछ सुझाव हो तो दे सकते हो|
Similarly, मैंने वैसे यह पढ़ा इसमें कुछ चीज़ें, I can reply to all of them if you want, but सिर्फ एक-दो चीज़ें बता दूं broadly, यह issue of exempt supplies being included, भाई साहब कुछ कह रहे थे, I thought we have already removed exempt supplies from the calculation for exemption or composition. But if there is any further improvement, do let me no.
यह no GST on payment of advance receipts, इसमें भी मुझे कुछ और बोलना पड़ेगा, हम तो सब advance के माहिर हैं, experts हैं, advances क्या होता है books में ज्यादा करके? क्यों? उसमें भी तो हम ही शामिल हैना बॉस, यह advances क्या होते हैं? अधिकांश हमारी balance sheets पर what are these advances? And? Entries? भूल गए क्या? In fact, जितनी कंपनी को अगर assess करना और मैं as an investment banker देखता था जिसमें loans और advances बहुत high number हो, वह फ़र्ज़ी है, कुछ गड़बड़ है इसमें|
So, this is why this has come in, अगर सिस्टम जितना-जितना clear up होगा, clean up होगा तो I am sure यह भी निकल सकता है| हमें शौक नहीं है कि advance के ऊपर यह लगायें इसलिए लगाना पड़ता है कि कितनी balance sheets हैं जिसमें सालों साल वह advance पड़ा है, advance against supply, क्योंकि उसमें ब्याज नहीं देना है, अभी ब्याज otherwise compulsory है अगर लोन दिखाओ तो, advance against supply दिखा दो तो ब्याज नहीं लगता है| यह तो हम सब experts हैं, I should not be required to be so explicit कि दूरदर्शन वाले किधर दिखा दें फिर यह 1st July से भी ज्यादा ख़राब हो जायेगा, यह तो specifics हैं|
So, I think we should all assess, reassess इसमें और हमें साथ में आप solution दो कि वह चीज़ कैसे capture हो सकती है, you can say for the first two months or something, one month, कुछ ऐसा कुछ हो तो फिर भी कुछ रास्ता निकल सकता है| Only यह सब changes की वजह से software is undergoing a lot of changes जिसमें थोड़ा टाइम लग रहा है तो you all will have to be patient. अब जो 9 तारीख तो सब decisions हुई हैं, 9 और 10 तारीख को उसको भी थोड़ा समय देना पड़ेगा| कुछ है आईडिया?
Rate of taxes तो काफी कुछ कम हो गए हैं from what they were earlier, लगभग 300 item में rate of taxes कम हुए हैं जितना ज्यादा आपके clients ईमानदारी से टैक्स पे करें, टैक्स बेस बढ़े, सब व्यापार formalize हो जाये, formal economy जितनी expand होगी उतने tax rates कम करने की क्षमता बढ़ेगी| We are not wanting कि tax rate इतने ज्यादा हों कि लोगों को informal economy में जाने के लिए प्रोत्साहन हो, उतनी तो हमें भी समझ है, what is it called? The Laffer Curve? You now, lower the tax rate, higher is the collection. That’s a economic theory, well-known economic theory worldwide. तो हमारी इच्छा पूरी कर दो कि सब लोग ईमानदारी से टैक्स भरें हम आपकी इच्छा पूरी कर देंगे कि tax rates कम हो जायें|
हाँ, वह आएगा, वैसे वह पहले से planned था, पर वह आटोमेटिक इसलिए नहीं दिया था, again, the fear of the.. all of us, समझो हमने enter कर दिया, मैच हो गया, आदमी ने क्रेडिट ले लिया, बाद में आदमी ने edit करके निकाल दिया, तो हम कंट्रोल कैसे करेंगे? इसलिए वह edit option रखा नहीं था वह व्यवस्था बन रही है कि you can call up the call centre and under supervision you can edit. Of course, there are few things, यह नया है जब तक GST, कुछ चीज़ों को freedom देनी पड़ेगी, या lax रखना पड़ेगा| So we are working on how this can be made, via media क्या निकले खासतौर पर पहले 6-8 महीने के लिए या साल भरके लिए, किसी ने कहा कि penalty zero कर दो| मैंने मूर्खता की, मैंने वित्त मंत्री से जाकर इसपर थोड़ी लड़ाई भी की, नड गया कि साहब सिस्टम ठीक नहीं चल रहा है आप पेनल्टी लगा रहे हो| बोला कि अभी तक 35% लोगों ने जीएसटी रिटर्न भरा है, ऐसा तो नहीं है कि वह जीएसटी रिटर्न, मैं समझ सकता हूँ उस तारीख को क्योंकि हम CAs की तो खूबी है, last minute के पहले हम कुछ करते ही नहीं है| हम सबने तय किया है कि जब due date होगी उसी दिन हम भरेंगे, उसके एक दिन आगे पीछे भी नहीं भरेंगे| तो he said यह zero कर दो, एक और निकाल दो तो तो कोई कभी भरने का किसी को प्रोत्साहन ही नहीं होगा रिटर्न|
What is the incentive to file a return अगर कोई penalty भी नहीं हो रही, कुछ नहीं हो रही है| Actually, यह एक अच्छा है, we should put that penalty on the chartered accountant, सब returns एक हफ्ता पहले ही file हो जायेगा| No, I am just joking, don’t worry, इतनी हिम्मत नहीं करूँगा, मैं भी चार्टर्ड अकाउंटेंट हूँ| But, any way, we will look at all of these issues, certainly, look at all of these issues. And, whatever best can be done, NFRA की भी मुझे बात की है Central Council Members ने| वास्तव में तो मुझे बोलना चाहिए था Startup India पर but I think उसपर आपके एक expert अभी बोलने वाले हैं, but only thing I can tell you is the world is changing.
आज का जो युवा-युवती है वह अभी सक्षम, अपने पांव पर खड़ा होना चाहते हैं, वह 10-15-20,000 की नौकरी से संतुष्ट नहीं हैं| और जो नए-नए ideas आ रहे हैं, it’s truly remarkable. अभी आज ही एक पेपर में कोई कंपनी का पढ़ रहा था, 2014 में यह शुरू हुई, Billion dollar value पर अभी somebody is buying it off. Ola को देख लीजिये, somebody can argue कि यह तो बहुत कम cases हैं लेकिन ऐसे ही ecosystem शुरू होता है| आजके दिन India has the 3rd highest number of startups in the whole world. और पिछले साल अकेले करीब-करीब 1000 नए startups शुरू हुए, और startup is not only कि हमने एक नयी कंपनी शुरू की, या नयी technology या नया process, नया idea लिया, वास्तव में technology में इतना परिवर्तन, बदलाव हो रहा है और काम करने के ढ़ंग में इतना बदलाव हो रहा है| यह taxi aggregation rooms aggregation – OYO – नहीं Ola अलग है, OYO is the aggregation of hotel rooms या लोगों ने अपने घर में ही एक तरीके से paying guest शुरू कर दिया है| और ऐसे यह बढ़ते ही जा रहे हैं, रोज़ एक नया idea|
और यह सब तरीके से jobs भी create हो रही हैं, देखो वह जो traditional job थी Bhilai Steel Plant में या NTPC power plant वह अब ज़माना बदल रहा है| 3D manufacturing आ जाएगी तो उसके बाद steel के ingot लेकर और फिर roll करना और क्या बनाना, plates बनाना और फिर product बनाना वगैरा-वगैरा, सीधा 3D में computer पर जायेगा design और product बनकर बाहर आएगा| Artificial intelligence is going to change the entire way we are working, यह हम भी जो returns भर रहे हैं, यह वह, यह सब चीज़ों में आगे चलकर बदलाव आने वाला है| मुझे लगता है जो बात अमिताभ कान्त ने 3 दिन पहले कही, यह डेबिट कार्ड, क्रेडिट कार्ड और POS machine तो 100% कुछ वर्षों में redundant हो जायेंगे, और भीम ऐप्प जो बना है और यह भारत की देन होगी विश्व को| BHIM app is such a powerful app कि आपका अंगूठा ही आपका बटवा भी बन गया, बैंक भी बन गया|
I don’t know if, which was that movie, I think Mission Impossible या किस में जिसमें वह computer…. There are so many new things और कई science fiction movies जो 20 साल पहले दिखाती थी चाहे वह हमारे बचपन की चिटी चिटी बैंग बैंग क्यों ना हो, you remember that, some of the people in my age group may remember Chitty Chitty Bang Bang where the car also flies, goes in the water, it’s a multimodal transport really. I won’t be surprised if we will see that very soon. Which was that James Bond movie जिसमें सड़क पर गाड़ी चलती है पर बिल्डिंग के walls पर गाड़ी चलती है, I won’t be surprised if we will see that very soon.
Things are changing in the world. अब हमारे ऊपर है कि हम रोते रहेंगे, आंकड़ों में उलझे रहेंगे, jobs ढूंढते रहेंगे या नयी कल्पनाओं के साथ विश्व में भारत का नाम रोशन करेंगे, विश्व को नए concepts, ideas देंगे जिससे पूरे आगे की जो व्यवस्था है वह एक नए रूप से बनेगी| आखिर आज एक power plant NTPC का अगर आप 1000-2000 MW का बना लो और 2000-4000 को नौकरी दे दो, हो सकता है कि job figure में 2000 add हो जायेगा, लेकिन उतनी बिजली अगर renewable energy, distributed energy, नए जो आज कल के wind, solar, waste to energy यह सब plants लग रहे हैं उसमें उतनी energy बनाओगे तो 10 गुना, 12 गुना, 20 गुना लोग उसमें काम करेंगे, पर्यावरण के लिए अच्छा होगा, देश की ऊर्जा सुरक्षा सुधरेगी, हमें विदेश के ऊपर नहीं dependent होना पड़ेगा petroleum products के लिए, या oil के लिए या gas के लिए|
तो संभावनाएं देश में अपार हैं, सवाल यह है कि हम उसके साथ कितना जल्दी जुड़ जाते हैं, और जितना मैं युवा-युवतियों से मिलता हूँ, the youth of this nation is really making this nation proud. They are wanting to experiment, they are willing to fail. आखिर failure is only the stepping stone to finally succeed sometime. और जो आदमी fail नहीं होगा वह कभी success की तरफ जा ही नहीं सकता है, failure से ही आदमी सीखता है to be super-successful. I don’t know if you are aware, Abraham Lincoln failed in everything he did till he became President of the US. All his businesses failed, he was not a great academic student. Every election he fought he failed, he lost every election he fought at lower levels, and then became President of the United States.
And as I said in the beginning, whether it’s Bill Gates or Mark Zuckerberg or whoever, the day and age is not of getting your degree in Harvard. But the day and age is one of hard work, perseverance, the ability to fail, the ability to fight adverse circumstances, and I have no doubt in my mind that our nation today is at that cusp of a glorious future where we will truly have the demographic dividend of millions of our young boys and girls, starting newer and newer ideas, enterprises, concepts, technologies and government of India, government of Chhattisgarh, different private equity venture financiers all are willing to be a part of this ecosystem to promote startups, to promote Startup India. And I am sure we chartered accountants will also keep ourselves abreast with this emerging new world, understand how financing is done, understand how accounting is done, understand these newer ways of doing business and ensure that we become an integral part of the New India that we are all hoping and willing to see, the New India that is the dream of 1.2 billion people, the New India that each one of you wishes to see. Let us all be a part of that New India, let us all be a part the change that we wish to see in the world.
Thank you.




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